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Large language models (LLMs) must often respond to highly ambiguous user requests. In such cases, the LLM's best response may be to ask a clarifying question to elicit more information. Existing LLMs often respond by presupposing a single…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Michael J. Q. Zhang , W. Bradley Knox , Eunsol Choi

Large language model (LLM) powered chatbots are primarily text-based today, and impose a large interactional cognitive load, especially for exploratory or sensemaking tasks such as planning a trip or learning about a new city. Because the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Xiao Ma , Swaroop Mishra , Ariel Liu , Sophie Su , Jilin Chen , Chinmay Kulkarni , Heng-Tze Cheng , Quoc Le , Ed Chi

Large language models (LLMs) have recently been used as backbones for recommender systems. However, their performance often lags behind conventional methods in standard tasks like retrieval. We attribute this to a mismatch between LLMs'…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Yuwei Cao , Nikhil Mehta , Xinyang Yi , Raghunandan Keshavan , Lukasz Heldt , Lichan Hong , Ed H. Chi , Maheswaran Sathiamoorthy

This research investigates the application of Large Language Models (LLMs) to augment conversational agents in process mining, aiming to tackle its inherent complexity and diverse skill requirements. While LLM advancements present novel…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Urszula Jessen , Michal Sroka , Dirk Fahland

In this paper, we propose MPC (Modular Prompted Chatbot), a new approach for creating high-quality conversational agents without the need for fine-tuning. Our method utilizes pre-trained large language models (LLMs) as individual modules…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-17 Gibbeum Lee , Volker Hartmann , Jongho Park , Dimitris Papailiopoulos , Kangwook Lee

Fine-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs) often demonstrate poor calibration, with their confidence scores misaligned with actual performance. While calibration has been extensively studied in models trained from scratch, the impact of LLMs'…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Ziming Wang , Zeyu Shi , Haoyi Zhou , Shiqi Gao , Qingyun Sun , Jianxin Li

This work introduces LAB (Large-scale Alignment for chatBots), a novel methodology designed to overcome the scalability challenges in the instruction-tuning phase of large language model (LLM) training. Leveraging a taxonomy-guided…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Shivchander Sudalairaj , Abhishek Bhandwaldar , Aldo Pareja , Kai Xu , David D. Cox , Akash Srivastava

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated their significant potential to be applied for addressing various application tasks. However, traditional recommender systems continue to face great challenges such as poor interactivity and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Yunfan Gao , Tao Sheng , Youlin Xiang , Yun Xiong , Haofen Wang , Jiawei Zhang

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into healthcare settings has gained significant attention, particularly for question-answering tasks. Given the high-stakes nature of healthcare, it is essential to ensure that LLM-generated…

Sycophancy, the tendency of LLM-based chatbots to express excessive agreement with their users, even when inappropriate, is emerging as a significant risk in human-AI interactions. However, the extent to which this affects human-LLM…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Jessica Y. Bo , Majeed Kazemitabaar , Mengqing Deng , Michael Inzlicht , Ashton Anderson

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as reasoning modules in many applications. While they are efficient in certain tasks, LLMs often struggle to produce human-aligned solutions. Human-aligned decision making requires…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Alina Hyk , Sandhya Saisubramanian

This study investigates the capacity of Large Language Models (LLMs) to infer the Big Five personality traits from free-form user interactions. The results demonstrate that a chatbot powered by GPT-4 can infer personality with moderate…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Heinrich Peters , Moran Cerf , Sandra C. Matz

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at producing broadly relevant text, but this generality becomes a limitation when user-specific preferences are required, such as recommending restaurants or planning travel. In these scenarios, users…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Ioannis Tsaknakis , Bingqing Song , Shuyu Gan , Dongyeop Kang , Alfredo Garcia , Gaowen Liu , Charles Fleming , Mingyi Hong

Each day, individuals set behavioral goals such as eating healthier, exercising regularly, or increasing productivity. While psychological frameworks (i.e., goal setting and implementation intentions) can be helpful, they often need…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Michel Schimpf , Sebastian Maier , Anton Wyrowski , Lara Christoforakos , Stefan Feuerriegel , Thomas Bohné

Recently, the fast development of Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT has significantly advanced NLP tasks by enhancing the capabilities of conversational models. However, the application of LLMs in the recommendation domain has…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Junling Liu , Chao Liu , Peilin Zhou , Qichen Ye , Dading Chong , Kang Zhou , Yueqi Xie , Yuwei Cao , Shoujin Wang , Chenyu You , Philip S. Yu

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) and chatbots introduces new challenges and opportunities for decision-making in software testing. Decision-making relies on a variety of information, including code, requirements…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Francisco Gomes de Oliveira Neto

Functional fixedness, a cognitive bias that restricts users' interactions with a new system or tool to expected or familiar ways, limits the full potential of Large Language Model (LLM)-enabled chat search, especially in complex and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Jiqun Liu , Jamshed Karimnazarov , Ryen W. White

The rise of Large Language Models (LLMs), such as LLaMA and ChatGPT, has opened new opportunities for enhancing recommender systems through improved explainability. This paper provides a systematic literature review focused on leveraging…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Alan Said

Large Language Models (LLMs) are conversational interfaces. As such, LLMs have the potential to assist their users not only when they can fully specify the task at hand, but also to help them define, explore, and refine what they need…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Philippe Laban , Hiroaki Hayashi , Yingbo Zhou , Jennifer Neville

Recent research highlights the significant potential of ChatGPT for text annotation in social science research. However, ChatGPT is a closed-source product which has major drawbacks with regards to transparency, reproducibility, cost, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Ross Deans Kristensen-McLachlan , Miceal Canavan , Márton Kardos , Mia Jacobsen , Lene Aarøe