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Commercial content moderation APIs are marketed as scalable solutions to combat online hate speech. However, the reliance on these APIs risks both silencing legitimate speech, called over-moderation, and failing to protect online platforms…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-04 David Hartmann , Amin Oueslati , Dimitri Staufer , Lena Pohlmann , Simon Munzert , Hendrik Heuer

Recommendation systems are pervasive in the digital economy. An important assumption in many deployed systems is that user consumption reflects user preferences in a static sense: users consume the content they like with no other…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Andreas Haupt , Dylan Hadfield-Menell , Chara Podimata

The sheer volume of online user-generated content has rendered content moderation technologies essential in order to protect digital platform audiences from content that may cause anxiety, worry, or concern. Despite the efforts towards…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Ioannis Sarridis , Christos Koutlis , Olga Papadopoulou , Symeon Papadopoulos

Online social media platforms use automated moderation systems to remove or reduce the visibility of rule-breaking content. While previous work has documented the importance of manual content moderation, the effects of automated content…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Manoel Horta Ribeiro , Justin Cheng , Robert West

AI-generated counterspeech offers a promising and scalable strategy to curb online toxicity through direct replies that promote civil discourse. However, current counterspeech is one-size-fits-all, lacking adaptation to the moderation…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Lorenzo Cima , Alessio Miaschi , Amaury Trujillo , Marco Avvenuti , Felice Dell'Orletta , Stefano Cresci

In the digital age, hate speech poses a threat to the functioning of social media platforms as spaces for public discourse. Top-down approaches to moderate hate speech encounter difficulties due to conflicts with freedom of expression and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Jana Lasser , Alina Herderich , Joshua Garland , Segun Taofeek Aroyehun , David Garcia , Mirta Galesic

The ability of Natural Language Processing (NLP) methods to categorize text into multiple classes has motivated their use in online content moderation tasks, such as hate speech and fake news detection. However, there is limited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Neemesh Yadav , Jiarui Liu , Francesco Ortu , Roya Ensafi , Zhijing Jin , Rada Mihalcea

Content moderation is often performed by a collaboration between humans and machine learning models. However, it is not well understood how to design the collaborative process so as to maximize the combined moderator-model system…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-12 Ian D. Kivlichan , Zi Lin , Jeremiah Liu , Lucy Vasserman

Social media platforms have been establishing content moderation guidelines and employing various moderation policies to counter hate speech and misinformation. The goal of this paper is to study these community guidelines and moderation…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Mohit Singhal , Chen Ling , Pujan Paudel , Poojitha Thota , Nihal Kumarswamy , Gianluca Stringhini , Shirin Nilizadeh

With the growth of social media and large language models, content moderation has become crucial. Many existing datasets lack adequate representation of different groups, resulting in unreliable assessments. To tackle this, we propose a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Shanu Kumar , Gauri Kholkar , Saish Mendke , Anubhav Sadana , Parag Agrawal , Sandipan Dandapat

Recommender systems serve the dual purpose of presenting relevant content to users and helping content creators reach their target audience. The dual nature of these systems naturally influences both users and creators: users' preferences…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Tao Lin , Kun Jin , Andrew Estornell , Xiaoying Zhang , Yiling Chen , Yang Liu

News recommender systems are designed to surface relevant information for online readers by personalizing their user experiences. A particular problem in that context is that online readers are often anonymous, which means that this…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Gabriel de Souza P. Moreira , Dietmar Jannach , Adilson Marques da Cunha

In this paper, we propose a novel approach for aggregating online reviews, according to the opinions they express. Our methodology is unsupervised - due to the fact that it does not rely on pre-labeled reviews - and it is agnostic - since…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2017-04-19 Michela Fazzolari , Marinella Petrocchi , Alessandro Tommasi , Cesare Zavattari

Recommenders are significantly shaping online information consumption. While effective at personalizing content, these systems increasingly face criticism for propagating irrelevant, unwanted, and even harmful recommendations. Such content…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Giovanni De Toni , Erasmo Purificato , Emilia Gómez , Bruno Lepri , Andrea Passerini , Cristian Consonni

Moderation of reader comments is a significant problem for online news platforms. Here, we experiment with models for automatic moderation, using a dataset of comments from a popular Croatian newspaper. Our analysis shows that while…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-22 Elaine Zosa , Ravi Shekhar , Mladen Karan , Matthew Purver

Online communities rely on a mix of platform policies and community-authored rules to define acceptable behavior and maintain order. However, these rules vary widely across communities, evolve over time, and are enforced inconsistently,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Mattia Samory , Diana Pamfile , Andrew To , Shruti Phadke

In micro-blogging platforms, people connect and interact with others. However, due to cognitive biases, they tend to interact with like-minded people and read agreeable information only. Many efforts to make people connect with those who…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2016-01-05 Eduardo Graells-Garrido , Mounia Lalmas , Ricardo Baeza-Yates

User-generated content (UGC) on social media platforms is vulnerable to incitements and manipulations, necessitating effective regulations. To address these challenges, those platforms often deploy automated content moderators tasked with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Saba Ahmadi , Avrim Blum , Haifeng Xu , Fan Yao

Recommendation systems have become central gatekeepers of online information, shaping user behaviour across a wide range of activities. In response, users increasingly organize and coordinate to steer algorithmic outcomes toward diverse…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Giovanni De Toni , Cristian Consonni , Erasmo Purificato , Emilia Gomez , Bruno Lepri

In today's media landscape, where news outlets play a pivotal role in shaping public opinion, it is imperative to address the issue of sentiment manipulation within news text. News writers often inject their own biases and emotional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Alapan Kuila , Somnath Jena , Sudeshna Sarkar , Partha Pratim Chakrabarti