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Related papers: Goals as Reward-Producing Programs

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Reward functions are a common way to specify the objective of a robot. As designing reward functions can be extremely challenging, a more promising approach is to directly learn reward functions from human teachers. Importantly, data from…

Recent years, there has been growing interests in experience-driven procedural level generation. Various metrics have been formulated to model player experience and help generate personalised levels. In this work, we question whether…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-07-06 Keyuan Zhang , Jiayu Bai , Jialin Liu

An important feature of pervasive, intelligent assistance systems is the ability to dynamically adapt to the current needs of their users. Hence, it is critical for such systems to be able to recognize those goals and needs based on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-01-16 Nils Wilken , Lea Cohausz , Johannes Schaum , Stefan Lüdtke , Heiner Stuckenschmidt

Recent Language Models (LMs) achieve breakthrough performance in code generation when trained on human-authored problems, even solving some competitive-programming problems. Self-play has proven useful in games such as Go, and thus it is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-13 Patrick Haluptzok , Matthew Bowers , Adam Tauman Kalai

Machine learning has made major advances in categorizing objects in images, yet the best algorithms miss important aspects of how people learn and think about categories. People can learn richer concepts from fewer examples, including…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-30 Brenden M. Lake , Steven T. Piantadosi

Reinforcement learning is a powerful technique to train an agent to perform a task. However, an agent that is trained using reinforcement learning is only capable of achieving the single task that is specified via its reward function. Such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-24 Carlos Florensa , David Held , Xinyang Geng , Pieter Abbeel

For an AI's training process to successfully impart a desired goal, it is important that the AI does not attempt to resist the training. However, partially learned goals will often incentivize an AI to avoid further goal updates, as most…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Rubi Hudson

Under the assumptions that (i) gamification consists of various types of users that experience game design elements differently; and (ii) gamification is deployed in order to achieve some goal in the broadest sense, we pose the gamification…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2014-07-04 Michael Meder , Brijnesh-Johannes Jain

Within computational neuroscience, informal interactions with modelers often reveal wildly divergent goals. In this opinion piece, we explicitly address the diversity of goals that motivate and ultimately influence modeling efforts. We…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-02-11 Konrad P. Kording , Gunnar Blohm , Paul Schrater , Kendrick Kay

End-to-end neural approaches are becoming increasingly common in conversational scenarios due to their promising performances when provided with sufficient amount of data. In this paper, we present a novel methodology to address the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-17 Sourabh Majumdar , Serra Sinem Tekiroglu , Marco Guerini

Cultural accumulation drives the open-ended and diverse progress in capabilities spanning human history. It builds an expanding body of knowledge and skills by combining individual exploration with inter-generational information…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Jonathan Cook , Chris Lu , Edward Hughes , Joel Z. Leibo , Jakob Foerster

We present a generative optimization approach for learning game-playing agents, where policies are represented as Python programs and refined using large language models (LLMs). Our method treats decision-making policies as self-evolving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Zhiyi Kuang , Ryan Rong , YuCheng Yuan , Allen Nie

Text-driven human motion generation has recently attracted considerable attention, allowing models to generate human motions based on textual descriptions. However, current methods neglect the influence of human attributes-such as age,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Xinghan Wang , Kun Xu , Fei Li , Cao Sheng , Jiazhong Yu , Yadong Mu

In the real world, linguistic agents are also embodied agents: they perceive and act in the physical world. The notion of Language Grounding questions the interactions between language and embodiment: how do learning agents connect or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-15 Cédric Colas , Ahmed Akakzia , Pierre-Yves Oudeyer , Mohamed Chetouani , Olivier Sigaud

Goal-conditioned Reinforcement Learning (RL) aims at learning optimal policies, given goals encoded in special command inputs. Here we study goal-conditioned neural nets (NNs) that learn to generate deep NN policies in form of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Francesco Faccio , Vincent Herrmann , Aditya Ramesh , Louis Kirsch , Jürgen Schmidhuber

Humans are interactive agents driven to seek out situations with interesting physical dynamics. Here we formalize the functional form of physical intrinsic motivation. We first collect ratings of how interesting humans find a variety of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-09 Julio Martinez , Felix Binder , Haoliang Wang , Nick Haber , Judith Fan , Daniel L. K. Yamins

Generative AI is rapidly transforming how organizations create value and evaluate talent. While large language models enhance baseline output quality, they simultaneously introduce ambiguity in assessing human creativity, as observable…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Yigal Rosen , Ilia Rushkin

Generating high-quality stories spanning thousands of tokens requires competency across a variety of skills, from tracking plot and character arcs to keeping a consistent and engaging style. Due to the difficulty of sourcing labeled…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Alexander Gurung , Mirella Lapata

Whether in agentic workflows, social studies, or chat settings, large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being asked to replace humans in choosing which goals to pursue, rather than completing predefined tasks. However, the assumption…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Gaia Molinaro , Dave August , Danielle Perszyk , Anne G. E. Collins

Intrinsically motivated goal exploration algorithms enable machines to discover repertoires of policies that produce a diversity of effects in complex environments. These exploration algorithms have been shown to allow real world robots to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-11 Alexandre Péré , Sébastien Forestier , Olivier Sigaud , Pierre-Yves Oudeyer