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In this paper, we study gradient-based classical extremum seeking (ES) for uncertain n-dimensional (nD) static quadratic maps in the presence of known large constant distinct input delays and large output constant delay with a small…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-17 Xuefei Yang , Emilia Fridman

In this paper, we present a novel Newton-based extremum seeking controller for the solution of multivariable model-free optimization problems in static maps. Unlike existing asymptotic and fixed-time results in the literature, we present a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-12-25 Jorge I. Poveda , Miroslav Krstic

This paper presents novel methods for achieving stable and efficient convergence in multivariable extremum seeking control (ESC) using sliding mode techniques. Drawing inspiration from both classical sliding mode control and more recent…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-08-13 Roberto Luo , Victor Hugo Pereira Rodrigues , Tiago Roux Oliveira , Miroslav Krstic

This paper studies the extremum seeking control (ESC) problem for a class of constrained nonlinear systems. Specifically, we focus on a family of constraints allowing to reformulate the original nonlinear system in the so-called…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-03-24 Shuai Yuan , Filippo Fabiani , Simone Baldi

This paper deals with the gradient extremum seeking control for static scalar maps with actuators governed by distributed diffusion partial differential equations (PDEs). To achieve the real-time optimization objective, we design a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-06-04 Pedro Henrique Silva Coutinho , Tiago Roux Oliveira , Miroslav Krstic

Extremum seeking control (ESC) often employs perturbation-based estimates of derivatives for some sensor field or cost function. These estimates are generally obtained by simply multiplying the output of a single-unit sensor by some…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-23 Dylan James-Kavanaugh , Patrick McNamee , Qixu Wang , Zahra Nili Ahmadabadi

The topics of source seeking and Newton-based extremum seeking have flourished, independently, but never combined. We present the first Newton-based source seeking algorithm. The algorithm employs forward velocity tuning, as in the very…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-25 Velimir Todorovski , Miroslav Krstic

The nested Extremum Seeking (nES) algorithm is a model-free optimization method that has been shown to converge to a neighborhood of a Nash equilibrium. In this work, we demonstrate that the same nES dynamics can instead be made to converge…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-02 Brad Ratto , Alan Williams , Miroslav Krstić , Tamer Başar , Alexander Scheinker

This paper focuses on the further development of the Lie bracket approximation approach for optimization and control via extremum seeking systems. Classical results in this area provide algorithms with exponential convergence rates for…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-25 Victoria Grushkovskaya , Sameh A. Eisa

Extremum seeking control (ESC) are optimization algorithms in continuous time, with model-based ESCs using true derivative information of the cost function and model-free ESCs utilizing perturbation-based estimates instead. Stability…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-22 Patrick McNamee , Zahra Nili Ahmadabadi , Mirslav Krstić

There have been recent efforts that combine seemingly disparate methods, extremum seeking (ES) optimization and partial differential equation (PDE) backstepping, to address the problem of model-free optimization with PDE actuator dynamics.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-03-26 Cemal Tugrul Yilmaz , Mamadou Diagne , Miroslav Krstic

This paper addresses the design and analysis of an extremum-seeking (ES) controller for scalar static maps in the context of infinite-dimensional dynamics governed by complex-valued partial differential equations (PDEs) of Schrodinger type.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-18 Paulo Henrique Foganholo Biazetto , Gustavo Artur de Andrade , Tiago Roux Oliveira , Miroslav Krstic

This paper investigates multivariable extremum seeking using unit-vector control. By employing the gradient algorithm and a polytopic embedding of the unknown Hessian matrix, we establish sufficient conditions, expressed as linear matrix…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-04-11 Enzo Ferreira Tomaz Silva , Pedro Henrique Silva Coutinho , Tiago Roux Oliveira , Miroslav Krstić

We consider perturbation-based extremum seeking, which recovers an approximate gradient of an analytically unknown objective function through measurements. Using classical needle variation analysis, we are able to explicitly quantify the…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-09-13 Stefan Wildhagen , Simon Michalowsky , Jan Feiling , Christian Ebenbauer

A second-order Newton-based extremum seeking (SONES) algorithm is presented to estimate directional inflection points for multivariable static maps. The design extends the first-order Newton-based extremum seeking algorithm that drives the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-02 Azad Ghaffari , Tiago Roux Oliveira

For N-dimensional (ND) static quadratic map, we present a time-delay approach to gradient-based extremum seeking (ES) both, in the continuous and, for the first time, the discrete domains. As in the recently introduced (for 2D maps in the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-06 Xuefei Yang , Emilia Fridman

We investigate the computation of stable fracture paths in brittle thin films using one-dimensional damage models with an elastic foundation. The underlying variational formulation is non-convex, making the evolution path sensitive to…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2025-07-24 M. M. Terzi , O. U. Salman , D. Faurie , A. A. León Baldelli

In this paper we consider the problem of finding a Nash equilibrium (NE) via zeroth-order feedback information in games with merely monotone pseudogradient mapping. Based on hybrid system theory, we propose a novel extremum seeking…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-17 Suad Krilašević , Sergio Grammatico

In a real Hilbert space setting, we study the convergence properties of an inexact gradient algorithm featuring both viscous and Hessian driven damping for convex differentiable optimization. In this algorithm, the gradient evaluation can…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-25 Harsh Choudhary , Jalal Fadili , Vyachelav Kungurtsev

This paper addresses the multivariable gradient-based extremum seeking control (ESC) subject to saturation. Two distinct saturation scenarios are investigated here: saturation acting on the input of the function to be optimized, which is…

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