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Valid online inference is an important problem in contemporary multiple testing research,to which various solutions have been proposed recently. It is well-known that these existing methods can suffer from a significant loss of power if the…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-01-16 Sebastian Döhler , Iqraa Meah , Etienne Roquain

We study distribution free, nonparametric prediction bands with a special focus on their finite sample behavior. First we investigate and develop different notions of finite sample coverage guarantees. Then we give a new prediction band…

Methodology · Statistics 2012-03-27 Jing Lei , Larry Wasserman

Forecasting and forecast evaluation are inherently sequential tasks. Predictions are often issued on a regular basis, such as every hour, day, or month, and their quality is monitored continuously. However, the classical statistical tools…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-07-04 Sebastian Arnold , Alexander Henzi , Johanna F. Ziegel

We are concerned with multiple test problems with composite null hypotheses and the estimation of the proportion $\pi_{0}$ of true null hypotheses. The Schweder-Spj\o tvoll estimator $\hat{\pi}_0$ utilizes marginal $p$-values and only works…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-04-20 Anh-Tuan Hoang , Thorsten Dickhaus

We present a new method for constructing a confidence interval for the mean of a bounded random variable from samples of the random variable. We conjecture that the confidence interval has guaranteed coverage, i.e., that it contains the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-11-05 Erik Learned-Miller , Philip S. Thomas

This article presents an efficient algorithm to generate a discrete uniform distribution on a set of $p$ elements using a biased random source for $p$ prime. The algorithm generalizes Von Neumann's method and improves computational…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-01-18 Xiaoyu Lei

$P$-values have been the focus of considerable criticism based on various considerations. Still, the $P$-value represents one of the most commonly used statistical tools. When assessing the suitability of a single hypothesized distribution,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2010-01-13 Michael Evans , Gun Ho Jang

We provide a systematic approach to deal with the following problem. Let $X_1,\ldots,X_n$ be, possibly dependent, $[0,1]$-valued random variables. What is a sharp upper bound on the probability that their sum is significantly larger than…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-07-27 Christos Pelekis , Jan Ramon

Given a normalized Orlicz function $M$ we provide an easy formula for a distribution such that, if $X$ is a random variable distributed accordingly and $X_1,...,X_n$ are independent copies of $X$, then the expected value of the p-norm of…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2015-03-04 David Alonso-Gutierrez , Soeren Christensen , Markus Passenbrunner , Joscha Prochno

Almost 10 years ago, Impagliazzo and Kabanets (2010) gave a new combinatorial proof of Chernoff's bound for sums of bounded independent random variables. Unlike previous methods, their proof is constructive. This means that it provides an…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Wolfgang Mulzer , Natalia Shenkman

The exact expression is derived for the expected value, $< {p_i}> $, for the parameter for any bin $i$ of a histogram following a multinomial distribution derived by sorting $N$ observations into bins of $B$ classes, if $n_i$ of the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-03-18 Jonathan M. Friedman

Introductory statistical inference texts and courses treat the point estimation, hypothesis testing, and interval estimation problems separately, with primary emphasis on large-sample approximations. Here I present an alternative approach…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2017-07-14 Ryan Martin

We here provide a distribution-free approach to the random factor analysis model. We show that it leads to the same estimating equations as for the classical ML estimates under normality, but more easily derived, and valid also in the case…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-12-31 Rolf Sundberg , Uwe Feldmann

Despite the remarkable empirical success of score-based diffusion models, their statistical guarantees remain underdeveloped. Existing analyses often provide pessimistic convergence rates that do not reflect the intrinsic low-dimensional…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-24 Saptarshi Chakraborty , Quentin Berthet , Peter L. Bartlett

Let $X, Y$ be two independent identically distributed (i.i.d.) random variables taking values from a separable Banach space $(\mathcal{X}, \|\cdot\|)$. Given two measurable subsets $F, K\subseteq\cal{X}$, we established distribution free…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-05-01 Zhao Dong , Jiange Li , Wenbo V. Li

We introduce a method for computation of exact conditional efficiency robust enumeration p-values for detection of genotype--phenotype associations at a single bi-allelic genetic locus. Our method can be based on any arbitrary ranking test…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-05-14 Max Moldovan , Mette Langaas

In this paper, we aim to design and analyze distributed Bayesian estimation algorithms for sensor networks. The challenges we address are to (i) derive a distributed provably-correct algorithm in the functional space of probability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Parth Paritosh , Nikolay Atanasov , Sonia Martinez

This paper introduces an optimization problem (P) and a solution strategy to design variable-speed-limit controls for a highway that is subject to traffic congestion and uncertain vehicle arrival and departure. By employing a finite…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-09-08 Dan Li , Dariush Fooladivanda , Sonia Martinez

Randomization inference is a widely-used and appealing approach for analyzing treatment effects in randomized experiments, as it is finite-sample valid and does not require any distributional assumptions. However, naive application of…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-05-12 Xinran Li , Peizan Sheng , Zeyang Yu

There are two distinct definitions of 'P-value' for evaluating a proposed hypothesis or model for the process generating an observed dataset. The original definition starts with a measure of the divergence of the dataset from what was…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2023-09-25 Sander Greenland