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The O-RAN Alliance promotes the integration of intelligent autonomous agents to control the Radio Access Network (RAN). This improves flexibility, performance, and observability in the RAN, but introduces new challenges, such as the…

Securing the near-real-time (near-RT) control operations in Open Radio Access Networks (Open RAN) is increasingly critical, yet remains insufficiently addressed, as new runtime threats target the control loop while the system is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Hamed Alimohammadi , Samara Mayhoub , Sotiris Chatzimiltis , Mohammad Shojafar , Muhammad Nasir Mumtaz Bhutta

The integration of Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) principles into 5G networks introduces a paradigm shift in how radio resources are managed and optimized. O-RAN's open architecture enables the deployment of intelligent applications…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-02 A. K. Subudhi , A. Piccioni , V. Gudepu , A. Marotta , F. Graziosi , R. M. Hegde , K. Kondepu

User demand on network communication infrastructure has never been greater with applications such as extended reality, holographic telepresence, and wireless brain-computer interfaces challenging current networking capabilities. Open RAN…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Noe Yungaicela-Naula , Vishal Sharma , Sandra Scott-Hayward

The advancement of 5G and NextG networks through Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) architecture enables a shift toward virtualized, modular, and disaggregated configurations. A core component of O-RAN is the RAN Intelligent Controller…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Diana Lin , Samarth Bhargav , Azuka Chiejina , Mohamed I. Ibrahem , Vijay K. Shah

Connected Vehicles (CVs) can leverage the unique features of 5G and future 6G/NextG networks to enhance Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) services. However, even with advancements in cellular network generations, CV applications may…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Maria Barbosa , Kelvin Dias

The open radio access network (O-RAN) architecture introduces RAN intelligent controllers (RICs) to facilitate the management and optimization of the disaggregated RAN. Reinforcement learning (RL) and its advanced form, deep RL (DRL), are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Mohammadreza Kouchaki , Aly Sabri Abdalla , Vuk Marojevic

Telecommunications and computer vision have evolved independently. With the emergence of high-frequency wireless links operating mostly in line-of-sight, visual data can help predict the channel dynamics by detecting obstacles and help…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Filipe B. Teixeira , Carolina Simões , Paulo Fidalgo , Wagner Pedrosa , André Coelho , Manuel Ricardo , Luis M. Pessoa

Open-Radio Access Network (O-RAN) has become an important paradigm for 5G and beyond radio access networks. This paper presents an xApp called xSlice for the Near-Real-Time (Near-RT) RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) of 5G O-RANs. xSlice is…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-13 Peihao Yan , Jie Lu , Huacheng Zeng , Y. Thomas Hou

The Radio Access Network (RAN) is the segment of cellular networks that provides wireless connectivity to end-users. O-RAN Alliance has been transforming the RAN industry by proposing open RAN specifications and the programmable…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Gabriel M. Almeida , Gustavo Z. Bruno , Alexandre Huff , Matti Hiltunen , Elias P. Duarte , Cristiano B. Both , Kleber V. Cardoso

The Open Radio Access Network (RAN) and its embodiment through the O-RAN Alliance specifications are poised to revolutionize the telecom ecosystem. O-RAN promotes virtualized RANs where disaggregated components are connected via open…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-08-03 Michele Polese , Leonardo Bonati , Salvatore D'Oro , Stefano Basagni , Tommaso Melodia

Traditional RAN systems are closed and monolithic, stifling innovation. The openness and programmability enabled by Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) are envisioned to revolutionize cellular networks with control-plane applications--xApps.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Xin Li , Shiming Yu , Leming Shen , Jianing Zhang , Yuanqing Zheng , Yaxiong Xie

The Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) architecture is revolutionizing cellular networks with its open, multi-vendor design and AI-driven management, aiming to enhance flexibility and reduce costs. Although it has many advantages, O-RAN is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Eran Aizikovich , Dudu Mimran , Edita Grolman , Yuval Elovici , Asaf Shabtai

Open Radio Access Networks (O-RAN) promise flexible 6G network access through disaggregated, software-driven components and open interfaces, but this programmability also increases operational complexity. Multiple control loops coexist…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Hojjat Navidan , Mohammad Cheraghinia , Jaron Fontaine , Mohamed Seif , Eli De Poorter , H. Vincent Poor , Ingrid Moerman , Adnan Shahid

The Open Radio Access Network (Open RAN) aims to enable disaggregated, virtualized, programmable, and data-driven intelligent network with open interfaces to support various real-time and non-real-time applications for different classes of…

The transition toward softwarized Radio Access Networks (RANs), driven by the Open RAN (O-RAN) paradigm, enables flexible, vendor-neutral deployments through disaggregation and virtualization of base station functions. However, this shift…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Francisco Crespo , Javier Villegas , Carlos Baena , Eduardo Baena , Sergio Fortes , Raquel Barco

Large language models (LLMs) open new possibilities for agentic control in Open RAN, allowing operators to express intents in natural language while delegating low-level execution to autonomous agents. We present A1gent, an agentic RAN…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Hengxu Li , Dongkuan Xu , Mingzhe Chen , Yuchen Liu

Provisioning of Quality of Service (QoS) is a key issue in any multi-media system. However, in wireless systems, supporting QoS requirements of different traffic types is more challenging due to the need to minimize two performance metrics…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2014-12-12 Mostafa Zaman Chowdhury , Yeong Min Jang , Zygmunt J. Haas

Artificial Intelligence (AI)-native mobile networks represent a fundamental step toward 6G, where learning, inference, and decision making are embedded into the Radio Access Network (RAN) itself. In such networks, multiple AI agents…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Joao F. Santos , Arshia Zolghadr , Scott Kuzdeba , Jacek Kibiłda

rApps and xApps need to be controlled and orchestrated well in the open radio access network (O-RAN) so that they can deliver a guaranteed network performance in a complex multi-vendor environment. This paper proposes a novel intent-driven…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Md Arafat Habib , Hao Zhou , Pedro Enrique Iturria-Rivera , Medhat Elsayed , Majid Bavand , Raimundas Gaigalas , Yigit Ozcan , Melike Erol-Kantarci