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With the rapid advent of generative models, efficiently deploying these models on specialized hardware has become critical. Tensor Processing Units (TPUs) are designed to accelerate AI workloads, but their high power consumption…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Zhantong Zhu , Hongou Li , Wenjie Ren , Meng Wu , Le Ye , Ru Huang , Tianyu Jia

Wearable devices are revolutionizing personal technology, but their usability is often hindered by frequent charging due to high power consumption. This paper introduces Distributed Neural Networks (DistNN), a framework that distributes…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Meghna Roy Chowdhury , Ming-che Li , Archisman Ghosh , Md Faizul Bari , Shreyas Sen

In-Memory Computing (IMC) has emerged as a promising paradigm for energy-efficient, throughput-efficient and area-efficient machine learning at the edge. However, the differences in hardware architectures, array dimensions, and fabrication…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-27 Jiacong Sun , Pouya Houshmand , Marian Verhelst

Computational memory (CM) is a promising approach for accelerating inference on neural networks (NN) by using enhanced memories that, in addition to storing data, allow computations on them. One of the main challenges of this approach is…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-04-27 Kornilios Kourtis , Martino Dazzi , Nikolas Ioannou , Tobias Grosser , Abu Sebastian , Evangelos Eleftheriou

Energy system optimization models are increasing in scope and resolution, yielding large and challenging linear programs. For a long time, the standard way to address such problems has relied on shared-memory interior-point methods (IPM),…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-07 Janina Zittel , Annika Buchholz , Michael Bussieck , Frederik Fiand , Thorsten Koch , Lukas Mehl , Niels Lindner , Manuel Wetzel

Today's systems are overwhelmingly designed to move data to computation. This design choice goes directly against at least three key trends in systems that cause performance, scalability and energy bottlenecks: (1) data access from memory…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2019-03-12 Onur Mutlu , Saugata Ghose , Juan Gómez-Luna , Rachata Ausavarungnirun

Memory disaggregation has attracted great attention recently because of its benefits in efficient memory utilization and ease of management. So far, memory disaggregation research has all taken one of two approaches: building/emulating…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-01-24 Zhiyuan Guo , Yizhou Shan , Xuhao Luo , Yutong Huang , Yiying Zhang

The proliferation of large language models (LLMs) is accelerating the integration of multimodal assistants into edge devices, where inference is executed under stringent latency and energy constraints, often exacerbated by intermittent…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Yanru Chen , Runyang Tian , Yue Pan , Zheyu Li , Weihong Xu , Tajana Rosing

Data movement between the main memory and the processor is a key contributor to execution time and energy consumption in memory-intensive applications. This data movement bottleneck can be alleviated using Processing-in-Memory (PiM). One…

Neural networks (NNs) can achieved high performance in various fields such as computer vision, and natural language processing. However, deploying NNs in resource-constrained safety-critical systems has challenges due to uncertainty in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Soyed Tuhin Ahmed

The proliferation of data-intensive applications, ranging from large language models to key-value stores, increasingly stresses memory systems with mixed read-write access patterns. Traditional half-duplex architectures such as DDR5 are…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Yiwei Yang , Yusheng Zheng , Yiqi Chen , Zheng Liang , Kexin Chu , Zhe Zhou , Andi Quinn , Wei Zhang

The performance bottleneck of deep-learning-based recommender systems resides in their backbone Deep Neural Networks. By integrating Processing-In-Memory~(PIM) architectures, researchers can reduce data movement and enhance energy…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Feng Cheng , Tunhou Zhang , Junyao Zhang , Jonathan Hao-Cheng Ku , Yitu Wang , Xiaoxuan Yang , Hai , Li , Yiran Chen

Always-on TinyML perception tasks in IoT applications require very high energy efficiency. Analog compute-in-memory (CiM) using non-volatile memory (NVM) promises high efficiency and also provides self-contained on-chip model storage.…

Interest in deploying Deep Neural Network (DNN) inference on edge devices has resulted in an explosion of the number and types of hardware platforms to use. While the high-level programming interface, such as TensorFlow, can be readily…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Upasana Sridhar , Nicholai Tukanov , Elliott Binder , Tze Meng Low , Scott McMillan , Martin D. Schatz

Analog Compute-in-Memory (CiM) accelerators are increasingly recognized for their efficiency in accelerating Deep Neural Networks (DNN). However, their dependence on Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADCs) for accumulating partial sums from…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Shubham Negi , Utkarsh Saxena , Deepika Sharma , Kaushik Roy

We propose DFModel, a modeling framework for mapping dataflow computation graphs onto large-scale systems. Mapping a workload to a system requires optimizing dataflow mappings at various levels, including the inter-chip (between chips)…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Sho Ko , Nathan Zhang , Olivia Hsu , Ardavan Pedram , Kunle Olukotun

This review explores the intersection of bio-plausible artificial intelligence in the form of Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) with the analog In-Memory Computing (IMC) domain, highlighting their collective potential for low-power edge…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Abhishek Moitra , Abhiroop Bhattacharjee , Yuhang Li , Youngeun Kim , Priyadarshini Panda

Compute-in-memory (CiM) is a promising solution for addressing the challenges of artificial intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT) hardware such as 'memory wall' issue. Specifically, CiM employing nonvolatile memory (NVM)…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-01-11 Yifei Zhou , Xuchu Huang , Jianyi Yang , Kai Ni , Hussam Amrouch , Cheng Zhuo , Xunzhao Yin

Modern deep neural networks increasingly make use of features such as dynamic control flow, data structures and dynamic tensor shapes. Existing deep learning systems focus on optimizing and executing static neural networks which assume a…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2021-03-15 Haichen Shen , Jared Roesch , Zhi Chen , Wei Chen , Yong Wu , Mu Li , Vin Sharma , Zachary Tatlock , Yida Wang

Computing-in-Memory architectures based on non-volatile emerging memories have demonstrated great potential for deep neural network (DNN) acceleration thanks to their high energy efficiency. However, these emerging devices can suffer from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-10 Zheyu Yan , Xiaobo Sharon Hu , Yiyu Shi