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We review basic ingredients of the recently introduced perfect-fluid hydrodynamic equations for particles with spin one-half. For a quasi-realistic setup, first numerical solutions for various hydrodynamic variables including the spin…

In this article we review the perfect-fluid hydrodynamics with spin framework proposed recently. This framework generalises the standard relativistic hydrodynamics framework to include spin degrees of freedom and provides a natural method…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2022-09-21 Rajeev Singh

We study relativistic hydrodynamics in the presence of a non vanishing spin chemical potential. Using a variety of techniques we carry out an exhaustive analysis, and identify the constitutive relations for the stress tensor and spin…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-09-01 Domingo Gallegos , Umut Gursoy , Amos Yarom

We present a new formulation of non-dissipative relativistic spin hydrodynamics that incorporates spin degrees of freedom into the divergence-type theory framework. Due to the divergence-type structure, it is straightforward to enforce…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-11-26 Nick Abboud , Lorenzo Gavassino , Rajeev Singh , Enrico Speranza

A generalized entropy arising in the context of superstatistics is obtained for an ideal gas. The curvature scalar associated to the thermodynamic space generated by this modified entropy is calculated using two formalisms of the geometric…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-04-18 J. L. López , O. Obregón , J. Torres-Arenas

The hydrodynamic description of transversally thermalized matter, possibly formed at the early stages of ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions, is developed. The formalism is based on the thermodynamically consistent approach with all…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-04-17 Mikolaj Chojnacki , Wojciech Florkowski

It is done by introducing of an additional term proportional to the interior energy into the standard thermodynamic uncertainty relation that leads to existence of the lower limit of inverse temperature

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 A. E. Shalyt-Margolin , A. Ya. Tregubovich

A general thermodynamic treatment of dissipative relativistic fluids is introduced, where the temperature four vector is not parallel to the velocity field of the fluid. Generic stability and kinetic equilibrium points out a particular…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-05-27 P. Ván , T. S. Biró

We derive a formulation of relativistic spin hydrodynamics with totally antisymmetric spin tensors that satisfy the Frenkel-Mathisson-Pirani condition. In our proposed spin hydrodynamics, the second law of thermodynamics is fulfilled by the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-06-27 Shuo Fang , Kenji Fukushima , Shi Pu , Dong-Lin Wang

We expand the classical phase-space distribution function to incorporate couplings between spin and electromagnetic fields. This extension has led to the derivation of modified constitutive relations for the charge current, energy-momentum…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-02-18 Rajeev Singh , Masoud Shokri , S. M. A. Tabatabaee

A generalized Frenkel condition is proposed for use in spin hydrodynamics to relate the spin density and spin polarization (or spin chemical potential) tensors. It allows for independent treatment of electric- and magnetic-like components…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-01-17 Asaad Daher , Wojciech Florkowski , Radoslaw Ryblewski

Construction of a nonlinear higher-order thermo-hydrodynamics, including correlations, in the framework of a Generalized Nonequilibrium Statistical Grand-Canonical Ensemble is presented. In that way it is provided a particular formalism for…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Áurea R. Vasconcellos , J. Galvão Ramos , Roberto Luzzi

We examine the framework of relativistic spin-hydrodynamics in the context of electron hydrodynamics in graphene. We develop a spin-hydrodynamic model for a (2 + 1)-dimensional system of fermions under the condition of small spin…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-01-03 Amaresh Jaiswal

Relativistic hydrodynamics has been quite successful in describing the properties of strongly-interacting matter produced in heavy-ion collision experiments. Recently, there has been a significant advancement in this field to explain the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-10-03 Rajeev Singh

Starting with a brief introduction into the basics of relativistic fluid dynamics, I discuss our current knowledge of a relativistic theory of fluid dynamics in the presence of (mostly shear) viscosity. Derivations based on the generalized…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2010-03-02 Paul Romatschke

Formal connections between the spin density matrix and the Wigner function for spin-1/2 particles forming a relativistic gas are explored to determine their general structures. They suggest that the commonly used form of the local…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-09-30 Samapan Bhadury , Zbigniew Drogosz , Wojciech Florkowski , Sudip Kumar Kar , Valeriya Mykhaylova

This work is concerned with our recently developed formalism of non-equilibrium thermodynamics. This formalism extends the classical irreversible thermodynamics which leads to classical thermodynamics and can not describe physical phenomena…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2018-09-06 Zaibao Yang , Wen-An Yong , Yi Zhu

The classical spin system consisting of three spins with Heisenberg interaction is an example of a completely integrable mechanical system. In this paper we explicitly calculate thermodynamic quantities as density of states, specific heat,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-11-23 Heinz-Jürgen Schmidt , Christian Schröder

General features of the formalism describing hydrodynamic evolution of transversally thermalized matter possibly produced at the very early stages of ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions are presented. Thermodynamical consistency of the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-10-02 Radoslaw Ryblewski

A global equilibrium state of a spin polarized fluid that undergoes constant acceleration along the stream lines is described as a solution of recently introduced perfect-fluid hydrodynamic equations with spin 1/2.

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2018-08-15 Wojciech Florkowski , Enrico Speranza , Francesco Becattini