Related papers: Mapping Excited Gauged Q-balls
Scalar field theories with particular U(1)-symmetric potentials contain non-topological soliton solutions called Q-balls. Promoting the U(1) to a gauge symmetry leads to the more complicated situation of gauged Q-balls. The soliton…
In this paper, the main properties of (3+1)-dimensional $U(1)$ gauged Q-balls are examined. In particular, it is shown that the relation $\frac{dE}{dQ}=\omega$ holds for such gauged Q-balls in the general case. As a consequence, it is shown…
Q ball solutions are considered within the theory of a complex scalar field with a gauged U(1) symmetry and a parabolic-type potential. In the thin-walled limit, we show explicitly that there is a maximum size for these objects because of…
Radially excited $U(1)$ gauged $Q$-balls are studied using both analytical and numerical methods. Unlike the nongauged case, there exists only a finite number of radially excited gauged $Q$-balls at given values of the model's parameters.…
We discuss the $U(1)$ gauged Q-balls with $N$-power potential to examine their properties analytically. More numerical descriptions and some analytical consideration have been contributed to the models governed by four-power potential. We…
Q-balls are large bound-state systems of scalar particles, described classically through localized solutions of the equations of motion. Promoting the required stabilizing $U(1)$ symmetry to a gauge symmetry leads to gauged Q-balls, which…
Complex scalars in U(1)-symmetric potentials can form stable Q-balls, non-topological solitons that correspond to spherical bound-state solutions. If the U(1) charge of the Q-ball is large enough, it can support a tower of unstable radial…
In this paper we examine the properties of $U(1)$ gauged Q-balls in two models with different scalar field potentials. The obtained results demonstrate that in the general case $U(1)$ gauged Q-balls possess properties, which differ…
Stable non-topological solitons, Q-balls, are studied using analytical and numerical methods. Three different physically interesting potentials that support Q-ball solutions are considered: two typical polynomial potentials and a…
We study the dynamics of $U(1)$ gauged Q-balls using fully non-linear numerical evolutions in axisymmetry. Focusing on two models with logarithmic and polynomial scalar field potentials, we numerically evolve perturbed gauged Q-ball…
Complex scalar fields charged under a global U(1) symmetry can admit non-topological soliton configurations called Q-balls which are stable against decay into individual particles or smaller Q-balls. These Q-balls are interesting objects…
We discuss the importance of mixing between glueballs -- bound states of gluons -- and excited $\bar{q}q$ states for the glueball search. A preliminary study of the excited states in the Extended Linear Sigma Model (eLSM) suggests their…
We show that many numerically established properties of Q-balls can be understood in terms of analytic approximations for a certain type of potential. In particular, we derive an explicit formula between the energy and the charge of the…
We investigate the dynamics of $U(1)$ gauged Q-balls using fully three-dimensional numerical simulations. We consider two different scenarios: first, the classical stability of gauged Q-balls with respect to generic three-dimensional…
Bosons carrying a conserved charge can form stable bound states if their Lagrangian contains attractive self-interactions. Bound-state configurations with a large charge $Q$ can be described classically and are denoted as Q-balls, their…
It was recently discovered that waves scattering off a $Q$-ball can extract energy from it. We present an analytical treatment of this process by adopting a multi-step function approximation for the background field, which yields…
We give an explicit expression for the geometric measure of entanglement for three qubit states that are linear combinations of four orthogonal product states. It turns out that the geometric measure for these states has three different…
Understanding the properties of excited states of complex molecules is crucial for many chemical and physical processes. Calculating these properties is often significantly more resource-intensive than calculating their ground state…
We investigate the entanglement properties of an infinite class of excited states in the quantum Lifshitz model (QLM). The presence of a conformal quantum critical point in the QLM makes it unusually tractable for a model above one spatial…
Quantum metrology exploits quantum mechanical effects to increase the precision of measurements of physical quantities. A wide variety of applications are currently being developed for scientific and technological purposes, however, most…