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Useful information (UI) is an elusive concept in neural networks. A quantitative measurement of UI is absent, despite the variations of UI can be recognized by prior knowledge. The communication bandwidth of feature maps decreases after…
The feature based spatial verification method SAL is applied to cloud data, i.e. two-dimensional spatial fields of total cloud cover and spectral radiance. Model output is obtained from the COSMO-DE forward operator SynSat and compared to…
Unsupervised change detection techniques are generally constrained to two multi-band optical images acquired at different times through sensors sharing the same spatial and spectral resolution. This scenario is suitable for a straight…
High resolution imaging is achieved using increasingly larger apertures and successively shorter wavelengths. Optical aperture synthesis is an important high-resolution imaging technology used in astronomy. Conventional long baseline…
The effect of random surface roughness on hydrodynamics of viscous incompressible liquid is discussed. Roughness-driven contributions to hydrodynamic flows, energy dissipation, and friction force are calculated in a wide range of…
This paper presents a new numerical model based on the highly nonlinear potential flow theory for simulating the propagation of water waves in variable depth. A new set of equations for estimating the surface vertical velocity is derived…
Random surface deviations in a reflector antenna reduce the aperture efficiency. This communication presents a method for estimating the mean surface deviation of a parabolic reflector from a set of measured points. The proposed method…
This paper is concerned with inverse scattering of plane waves by a locally perturbed infinite plane (which is called a locally rough surface) with the modulus of the total-field data (also called the phaseless near-field data) at a fixed…
In the present manuscript, we consider the practical problem of wave interaction with a vertical wall. However, the novelty here consists in the fact that the wall can move horizontally due to a system of springs. The water wave evolution…
This paper presents the analysis of metasurfaces, here called reconfigurable intelligent surface. The analysis is performed by numerical simulations that implement the finite-difference time-domain method. The metasurface has been modeled…
All optical systems, which involve the collimation of a reflected, transmitted or scattered wave subsequent to tight focusing, are subject to two kinds of deviations. One is the wavefront curvature due to inaccurate focal placement of the…
For more than 150 years, scientists have advanced aberration theory to describe, analyse, and eliminate imperfections that disturb the imaging quality of optical components and systems. Simultaneously, they have developed optical design…
Single-wavelength interferometry achieves high resolution for smooth surfaces but struggles with rough, industrially relevant ones due to limited unambiguous measuring range and speckle effects. Multi-wavelength interferometry addresses…
Observations of the solar surface reveal the presence of flows with length scales of around $35$ Mm, commonly referred to as supergranules. Inferring the sub-surface flow profile of supergranules from measurements of the surface and…
Understanding the contact between rough surfaces undergoing plastic deformation is crucial in many applications. We study the effect of plastic deformation on the surface separation between two solids with random roughness. Assuming a…
Analytical contact mechanics theories depend on surface roughness through the surface roughness power spectrum. In the present study, we evaluated the usability of various experimental methods for studying surface roughness. Our findings…
This paper explores optimal methods for obtaining one-dimensional (1D) powder pattern intensities from two-dimensional (2D) planar detectors with good estimates of their standard deviations. We describe methods to estimate uncertainties…
Randomly sampling points on surfaces is an essential operation in geometry processing. This sampling is computationally straightforward on explicit meshes, but it is much more difficult on other shape representations, such as widely-used…
Wavefront estimation is an essential component of adaptive optics where the goal is to recover the underlying phase from its Fourier magnitude. While this may sound identical to classical phase retrieval, wavefront estimation faces more…
Four different applications of spectral proper orthogonal decomposition (SPOD): low-rank reconstruction, denoising, frequency-time analysis, and prewhitening are demonstrated on large-eddy simulation data of a turbulent jet. SPOD-based…