Related papers: Surface variation analysis of freeform optical sys…
In astronomy and microscopy, distortions in the wavefront affect the dynamic range of a high contrast imaging system. These aberrations are either imposed by a turbulent medium such as the atmosphere, by static or thermal aberrations in the…
The friction force observed at macroscale is the result of interactions at various lower length scales that are difficult to model in a combined manner. For this reason, simplified approaches are required, depending on the specific aspect…
Astronomical adaptive optics systems with open-loop deformable mirror control have recently come on-line. In these systems, the deformable mirror surface is not included in the wavefront sensor paths, and so changes made to the deformable…
We report the experimental characterization of free-surface deformations generated by three-dimensional homogeneous and isotropic turbulence. Using Fourier transform profilometry in a jet-forced turbulent tank, we perform spatiotemporal…
With the advent of new fabrication technologies, time-varying metasurfaces have emerged as novel platforms for exotic waveform shaping in microwaves and optics, providing an additional degree of freedom to design dynamically controllable…
Some metrological means, such as Shack-Hartmann, deflectometry sensors or fringe projection profilometry, measure the shape of an optical surface indirectly from slope measurements. Zonal shape reconstruction, a method to reconstruct shape…
A novel approach for measuring fast oscillations of an absolute value of interferometer optical path difference (OPD) has been developed. The principles of frequency-scanning interferometry are utilized for registration of the…
The method of wavefront shaping to control optical properties of opaque media is a promising technique for authentication applications. One of the main challenges of this technique is the sensitivity of the wavefront-sample coupling to…
With recent advances in scanning probe microscopy (SPM), it is now routine to determine the atomic structure of surfaces and molecules while quantifying the local tip-sample interaction potentials. Such quantitative experiments are based on…
Experiments on fracture surface morphologies offer increasing amounts of data that can be analyzed using methods of statistical physics. One finds scaling exponents associated with correlation and structure functions, indicating a rich…
Surface roughness and dielectric properties are crucial in characterizing radar backscattering from bare soil surfaces. However, their estimation depends on the surface size of the sampling profile, and the complex relative permittivity is…
Traditional laws of friction believe that the friction coefficient of two specific solids takes constant value. However, molecular simulations revealed that the friction coefficient of nanosized asperity depends strongly on contact size and…
Accurately modeling local surface properties of objects is crucial to many robotic applications, from grasping to material recognition. Surface properties like friction are however difficult to estimate, as visual observation of the object…
In this study, we challenge the traditional approach of frequency analysis on directed graphs, which typically relies on a single measure of signal variation such as total variation. We argue that the inherent directionality in directed…
Gratings and holograms are patterned surfaces that tailor optical signals by diffraction. Despite their long history, variants with remarkable functionalities continue to be discovered. Further advances could exploit Fourier optics, which…
Friction is ubiquitous in daily life, from nanoscale machines to large engineering components. By probing the intricate interplay between system parameters and frictional behavior, scientists seek to unveil the underlying mechanisms that…
The out-of-plane vibration of a rough surface causes an in-plane vibration of its speckle pattern when observed with a defocused optical photographic system. If the frequency of the oscillations is high enough, a time-averaged specklegram…
We study dispersion properties of linear surface gravity waves propagating in an arbitrary direction atop a current profile of depth-varying magnitude using a piecewise linear approximation, and develop a robust numerical framework for…
Practical methods for quantitative analysis of radial and angular coordinates of leafy organs of vascular plants are presented and applied to published phyllotactic patterns of various real systems from young leaves on a shoot tip to…
Subsurface storage of CO2 is predicted to rise exponentially in response to the increasing levels of CO2 in the atmosphere. Large-scale CO2 injections into the subsurface require understanding of the potential for fluid flow through faults…