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Optical distortions can significantly deteriorate the measurement accuracy in imaging systems. Such distortions can occur at fluctuating phase boundaries as well as multiple-phase flows and result from the accompanied refractive index…
The Point Spread Function (PSF) is a key figure of merit for specifying the angular resolution of optical systems and, as the demand for higher and higher angular resolution increases, the problem of surface finishing must be taken…
Simulating high-resolution Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images in complex scenes has consistently presented a significant research challenge. The development of a microwave-domain surface scattering model and its reversibility are poised…
We investigate experimentally the influence of the liquid viscosity on the problem of the generation of waves by a turbulent wind at the surface of a liquid, extending the results of Paquier, Moisy and Rabaud [Phys. Fluids {\bf 27}, 122103…
We propose a family of surface codes with general lattice structures, where the error-tolerances against bit and phase errors can be controlled asymmetrically by changing the underlying lattice geometries. The surface codes on various…
Wrinkles are often observed on the surfaces of compressed soft materials in nature. In the past few decades, the fascinating surface patterns have been studied extensively by using the linear bifurcation analysis under plane strain. The…
Metasurfaces (MSs) have recently become an efficient solution for controlling a spatial field distribution according to the demand of an electromagnetic device. In particular, anomalous reflectors based on impenetrable MSs can be realized…
In this paper we introduce a variational model for the study of multilayer films that allows for the treatment of both coherent and incoherent interfaces between layers. The model is designed in the framework of the theory of Stress Driven…
Surface waves on liquids act as a dynamical phase grating for incident light. In this article, we revisit the classical method of probing such waves (wavelengths of the order of mm) as well as inherent properties of liquids and liquid films…
A formula for the wavefront of a wave reflected from a diffraction grating with an arbitrary surface profile, as well as with arbitrary non-equidistant and non-parallel grooves was obtained. It was shown that the wavefront of the reflected…
Suppose that a plane wave is incident onto an impenetrable grating profile of Dirichlet or Impedance type or a penetrable grating. The grating interface is assumed to be given by a Lipschitz function in two dimensions. We derive stability…
Short review of recent results on surface scattering in many-mode waveguides is presented. Main attention is paid to various mechanisms of surface scattering, and to the role of specific long-range correlations in surface profiles.
Monitoring time-dependence with diffusion MRI yields observables sensitive to compartment sizes (restricted diffusion) and membrane permeability (water exchange). However, restricted diffusion and exchange have opposite effects on the…
We describe a system being developed for measuring the shapes of the mirrors of the Fred Young Submillimeter Telescope (FYST), now under construction for the CCAT Observatory. "Holographic" antenna-measuring techniques are an efficient and…
This paper presents a new method to obtain the deformation distribution on the main reflector of an antenna only by measuring the electric intensity on a spherical surface with the focal point as the center of the sphere, regardless of…
Surface defect detection is significant in industrial production. However, detecting defects with varying textures and anomaly classes during the test time is challenging. This arises due to the differences in data distributions between…
The free volume comprised between rough surfaces in contact governs the fluid/gas transport properties across networks of cracks and the leakage/percolation phenomena in seals. In this study, a fundamental insight into the evolution of the…
The diffraction of a scalar plane wave from a doubly-periodic surface on which either the Dirichlet or Neumann boundary condition is imposed is studied by means of a rigorous numerical solution of the Rayleigh equation for the amplitudes of…
Oscillation frequencies of even the best stellar models differ from those of the stars they represent, and the difference is predominantly a function of frequency. This difference is caused by limitations of modeling the near-surface layers…
One of the problems often encountered in X-ray mirror manufacturing is setting proper manufacturing tolerances to guarantee an angular resolution - often expressed in terms of Point Spread Function (PSF) - as needed by the specific science…