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Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites offer a promising alternative to global navigation satellite systems for precise positioning; however, their relatively low altitudes make them more susceptible to orbital perturbations, which in turn…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-11 Jie Ma , Pinjun Zheng , Xing Liu , Yuchen Zhang , Ali A. Nasir , Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri

The low-earth-orbit (LEO) satellite network with mega-constellations can provide global coverage while supporting the high-data rates. The coverage performance of such a network is highly dependent on orbit geometry parameters, including…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Junse Lee , Song Noh , Sooyeob Jeong , Namyoon Lee

The end-to-end connectivity patterns between two points on Earth are highly volatile if mediated via a Low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellation. This is rooted in the enormous speeds at which satellites in LEO must travel relative to…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Gregory Stock , Juan A. Fraire , Santiago Henn , Holger Hermanns , Andreas Schmidt

Offering space-based Internet services with mega-constellations of low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites is a promising solution to connecting the unconnected. It can complement the coverage of terrestrial networks to help bridge the digital…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-08-18 Xingqin Lin , Stefan Cioni , Gilles Charbit , Nicolas Chuberre , Sven Hellsten , Jean-Francois Boutillon

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites play a crucial role in the development of 6G mobile networks and space-air-ground integrated systems. Recent advancements in space technology have empowered LEO satellites with the capability to run AI…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Minghao Yang , Jingjing Zhang , Shengyun Liu

This work provides a rigorous methodology for assessing the feasibility of spectrum sharing between large low-earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations. For concreteness, we focus on the existing Starlink system and the soon-to-be-launched…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-12 Eunsun Kim , Ian P. Roberts , Jeffrey G. Andrews

As low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication systems are gaining increasing popularity, new theoretical methodologies are required to investigate such networks' performance at large. This is because deterministic and location-based…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-06 Niloofar Okati , Taneli Riihonen , Dani Korpi , Ilari Angervuori , Risto Wichman

End-to-end latency in large low-Earth-orbit (LEO) constellations is dominated by propagation delay, making total delay roughly proportional to the network diameter, the longest shortest path in hops. Current inter-satellite link (ISL)…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Arman Mollakhani , Jerayu Tiamraj , Shu-Jie Cao , Dongning Guo

The use of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites in the next generation (Next-G) communication systems has been gaining traction over the last few years due to their potential for providing global connectivity with low latency. Since they are…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-03 Sambrama , Venkata Srirama Rohit Kantheti , Liang C Chu , Erik Blasch , Shih-Chun Lin

We investigate a multi-low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite system that simultaneously provides positioning and communication services to terrestrial user terminals. To address the challenges of accurately acquiring channel state information in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-21 Yuchen Zhang , Pinjun Zheng , Jie Ma , Henk Wymeersch , Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri

The third generation partnership project (3GPP) has recently defined two frequency bands for direct access with satellites, which is a concrete step toward realizing the anticipated space-air-ground integrated networks. In addition, given…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Zaid Abdullah , Eva Lagunas , Steven Kisseleff , Frank Zeppenfeldt , Symeon Chatzinotas

Satellite communication by leveraging the use of low earth orbit (LEO) satellites is expected to play an essential role in future communication systems through providing ubiquitous and continuous wireless connectivity. This thus has…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Jingwei Zhang , Dali Qin , Chuili Kong , Feiran Zhao , Rong Li , Jun Wang , Ye Wang

Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations are rapidly becoming essential enablers of next-generation wireless systems, offering global broadband access, high-precision localization, and reliable sensing beyond terrestrial coverage.…

Recently, mega-constellations with a massive number of low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites are being considered as a possible solution for providing global coverage due to relatively low latency and high throughput compared to geosynchronous…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Dong-Hyun Jung , Gyeongrae Im , Joon-Gyu Ryu , Seungkeun Park , Heejung Yu , Junil Choi

In this paper, we analyze the impact of relays on the uplink performance of FDMA cellular networks. We focus our analysis on Decode and Forward techniques, with the aim of measuring the improvements which can be achieved in terms of…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2013-06-26 Federico Librino , Michele Zorzi

The emergence of low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite mega-constellations is dynamically transforming the space sector. While free-space optical (FSO) links efficiently facilitate intersatellite data forwarding, they suffer from…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Pablo G. Madoery , Juan A. Fraire , Jorge M. Finochietto , Halim Yanikomeroglu , Gunes Karabulut Kurt

The fast motion of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites causes the propagation channel to vary rapidly, and its behavior is strongly shaped by the surrounding environment, especially at low elevation angles where signals are highly susceptible…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Jingyi Tian , Lin Cai

This article investigates the transmission delay of a Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite communication system in a bent pipe structure. By employing a stochastic geometry framework, satellites are modeled as spherical binomial point processes…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2023-09-12 Sixi Cheng , Xiang Ling

The rapid development of communication technologies in the past decades has provided immense vertical opportunities for individuals and enterprises. However, conventional terrestrial cellular networks have unfortunately neglected the huge…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-22 Shicong Liu , Zhen Gao , Yongpeng Wu , Derrick Wing Kwan Ng , Xiqi Gao , Kai-Kit Wong , Symeon Chatzinotas , Bjorn Ottersten

Modeling the brightness of satellites in large Low-Earth Orbit (LEO) constellations can not only assist the astronomical community in assessing the impact of reflected light from satellites, optimizing observing schedules and guiding data…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-16 Yao Lu