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Related papers: Boosting keyword spotting through on-device learna…

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The goal of this work is to train effective representations for keyword spotting via metric learning. Most existing works address keyword spotting as a closed-set classification problem, where both target and non-target keywords are…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-19 Jaesung Huh , Minjae Lee , Heesoo Heo , Seongkyu Mun , Joon Son Chung

The Transformer architecture has been successful across many domains, including natural language processing, computer vision and speech recognition. In keyword spotting, self-attention has primarily been used on top of convolutional or…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-11 Axel Berg , Mark O'Connor , Miguel Tairum Cruz

Language models often struggle with idiomatic, figurative, or context-sensitive inputs, not because they produce flawed outputs, but because they misinterpret the input from the outset. We propose an input-only method for anticipating such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Maggie Mi , Aline Villavicencio , Nafise Sadat Moosavi

Most of the existing neural-based models for keyword spotting (KWS) in smart devices require thousands of training samples to learn a decent audio representation. However, with the rising demand for smart devices to become more…

Speaker-independent speech recognition systems trained with data from many users are generally robust against speaker variability and work well for a large population of speakers. However, these systems do not always generalize well for…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-09-17 Khe Chai Sim , Petr Zadrazil , Françoise Beaufays

Transformer-based models excel in speech recognition. Existing efforts to optimize Transformer inference, typically for long-context applications, center on simplifying attention score calculations. However, streaming speech recognition…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Yang Li , Liangzhen Lai , Yuan Shangguan , Forrest N. Iandola , Zhaoheng Ni , Ernie Chang , Yangyang Shi , Vikas Chandra

On-device training is essential for user personalisation and privacy. With the pervasiveness of IoT devices and microcontroller units (MCUs), this task becomes more challenging due to the constrained memory and compute resources, and the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Young D. Kwon , Rui Li , Stylianos I. Venieris , Jagmohan Chauhan , Nicholas D. Lane , Cecilia Mascolo

Till now, attention-based models have been used with great success in the keyword spotting problem domain. However, in light of recent advances in deep learning, the question arises whether self-attention is truly irreplaceable for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Mashrur M. Morshed , Ahmad Omar Ahsan

In this work we aim to discover high quality speech features and linguistic units directly from unlabeled speech data in a zero resource scenario. The results are evaluated using the metrics and corpora proposed in the Zero Resource Speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-02-02 Cheng-Tao Chung , Cheng-Yu Tsai , Hsiang-Hung Lu , Chia-Hsiang Liu , Hung-yi Lee , Lin-shan Lee

Slot filling is identifying contiguous spans of words in an utterance that correspond to certain parameters (i.e., slots) of a user request/query. Slot filling is one of the most important challenges in modern task-oriented dialog systems.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-19 A. B. Siddique , Fuad Jamour , Vagelis Hristidis

This literature review explores continual learning methods for on-device training in the context of neural networks (NNs) and decision trees (DTs) for classification tasks on smart environments. We highlight key constraints, such as data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Afonso Lourenço , João Rodrigo , João Gama , Goreti Marreiros

Always-on sensing of mobile device user's contextual information is critical to many intelligent use cases nowadays such as healthcare, drive assistance, voice UI. State-of-the-art approaches for predicting user context have proved the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-10-30 Diyan Teng , Rashmi Kulkarni , Justin McGloin

Keyword spotting (KWS) offers a vital mechanism to identify spoken commands in voice-enabled systems, where user demands often shift, requiring models to learn new keywords continually over time. However, a major problem is catastrophic…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-20 Yang Xiao , Tianyi Peng , Rohan Kumar Das , Yuchen Hu , Huiping Zhuang

Keyword spotting (KWS) is experiencing an upswing due to the pervasiveness of small electronic devices that allow interaction with them via speech. Often, KWS systems are speaker-independent, which means that any person --user or not--…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-06-27 Iván López-Espejo , Zheng-Hua Tan , Jesper Jensen

In the context of keyword spotting (KWS), the replacement of handcrafted speech features by learnable features has not yielded superior KWS performance. In this study, we demonstrate that filterbank learning outperforms handcrafted speech…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-27 Iván López-Espejo , Ram C. M. C. Shekar , Zheng-Hua Tan , Jesper Jensen , John H. L. Hansen

Keyword spotting (KWS) is an essential function that enables interaction with ubiquitous smart devices. However, in resource-limited devices, KWS models are often static and can thus not adapt to new scenarios, such as added keywords. To…

Few-shot Learning aims to learn and distinguish new categories with a very limited number of available images, presenting a significant challenge in the realm of deep learning. Recent researchers have sought to leverage the additional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Chunpeng Zhou , Haishuai Wang , Xilu Yuan , Zhi Yu , Jiajun Bu

Building efficient architecture in neural speech processing is paramount to success in keyword spotting deployment. However, it is very challenging for lightweight models to achieve noise robustness with concise neural operations. In a…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Dianwen Ng , Yunqi Chen , Biao Tian , Qiang Fu , Eng Siong Chng

A keyword spotting (KWS) engine that is continuously running on device is exposed to various speech signals that are usually unseen before. It is a challenging problem to build a small-footprint and high-performing KWS model with robustness…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Zhenyu Wang , Li Wan , Biqiao Zhang , Yiteng Huang , Shang-Wen Li , Ming Sun , Xin Lei , Zhaojun Yang

Conversational agents commonly utilize keyword spotting (KWS) to initiate voice interaction with the user. For user experience and privacy considerations, existing approaches to KWS largely focus on accuracy, which can often come at the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-30 Christin Jose , Joseph Wang , Grant P. Strimel , Mohammad Omar Khursheed , Yuriy Mishchenko , Brian Kulis