Related papers: Simulation of diffraction and scattering using the…

Material decomposition in X-ray imaging uses the energy-dependence of attenuation to virtually decompose an object into specific constituent materials. X-ray phase contrast imaging is a developing technique that can enhance image contrast…

The structural complexity and instability of many interference phase microscopy methods are the major obstacles toward high-precision phase measurement. In this vein, improving more efficient configurations as well as proposing new methods…

A novel scheme for Zernike-type hard X-ray phase-contrast imaging is proposed. The scheme relies on X-ray dynamical diffraction in a two-block crystal system with parallel crystal plates of equal thickness. A phase shifter providing a…

In the context of nucleon structure, the Wigner distribution has been commonly used to visualize the phase-space distribution of quarks and gluons inside the nucleon. However, the Wigner distribution does not allow for a probabilistic…

We propose a novel quantum diffraction imaging technique whereby one photon of an entangled pair is diffracted off a sample and detected in coincidence with its twin. The image is obtained by scanning the photon that did not interact with…

We study, using simulated experiments inspired by thin film magnetic domain patterns, the feasibility of phase retrieval in X-ray diffractive imaging in the presence of intrinsic charge scattering given only photon-shot-noise limited…

We first extend our recent experiments of correlation imaging through scattering media to the case of a thick medium, composed of two phase scatterers placed respectively in the image and the Fourier planes of the crystal. The spatial…

The second part of the article is devoted to field transfers by diffraction that are represented by fractional Fourier transformations whose orders are complex numbers. The corresponding effects on the Wigner distributions associated with…

To understand quantum optics experiments, we must perform calculations that consider the principal sources of noise, such as losses, spectral impurity and partial distinguishability. In both discrete and continuous variable systems, these…

We demonstrate experimentally a novel technique for characterizing transverse spatial coherence using the Wigner distribution function. The presented method is based on measuring interference between a pair of rotated and displaced replicas…

Spectral and grating-based differential phase-contrast X-ray imaging are two emerging technologies that offer additional information compared with conventional attenuation-based X-ray imaging. In the case of spectral imaging,…

Phase is a fundamental resource for optical imaging but cannot be directly observed with intensity measurements. The existing methods to quantify a phase distribution rely on complex devices and structures. Here we experimentally…

We introduce a phase imaging mechanism for scanning transmission electron microscopy that exploits the complementary intensity changes of transmitted disks at different scattering angles. For scanning transmission electron microscopy, this…

We construct, using simple geometrical arguments, a Wigner function defined on a discrete phase space of arbitrary integer Hilbert-space dimension that is free of redundancies. ``Ghost images'' plaguing other Wigner functions for discrete…

These tutorials introduce some basics of imaging with coherent X-rays, focusing on phase contrast. We consider the transport-of-intensity equation, as one particular method for X-ray phase contrast imaging among many, before passing on to…

In this paper, we propose a new model to segment cells in phase contrast microscopy images. Cell images collected from the similar scenario share a similar background. Inspired by this, we separate cells from the background in images by…

Phase-contrast X-ray imaging can improve the visibility of weakly absorbing objects (e.g. soft tissues) by an order of magnitude or more compared to conventional radiographs. Previously, it has been shown that combining phase retrieval with…

Ptychography employs a set of diffraction patterns that capture redundant information about an illuminated specimen as a localized beam is moved over the specimen. The robustness of this method comes from the redundancy of the dataset that…

Three-dimensional phase contrast imaging of multiply-scattering samples in X-ray and electron microscopy is extremely challenging, due to small numerical apertures, the unavailability of wavefront shaping optics, and the highly nonlinear…

In X-ray imaging, photons are transmitted through and absorbed by the subject, but are also scattered in significant quantities. Previous attempts to use scattered photons for biological imaging used pencil or fan beam illumination. Here we…