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Multi-modal biological, imaging, and neuropsychological markers have demonstrated promising performance for distinguishing Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients from cognitively normal elders. However, it remains difficult to early predict when…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-01-08 Hongming Li , Yong Fan

Automatic and accurate segmentation of brain MR images throughout the human lifespan into tissue and structure is crucial for understanding brain development and diagnosing diseases. However, challenges arise from the intricate variations…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-01 Lin Teng , Zihao Zhao , Jiawei Huang , Zehong Cao , Runqi Meng , Feng Shi , Dinggang Shen

Current neuroimaging techniques provide paths to investigate the structure and function of the brain in vivo and have made great advances in understanding Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the group-level analyses prevalently used for…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2021-05-31 Nanyan Zhu , Chen Liu , Xinyang Feng , Dipika Sikka , Sabrina Gjerswold-Selleck , Scott A. Small , Jia Guo

Deep Learning (DL) in neuroimaging has become increasingly relevant for detecting neurological conditions and neurodegenerative disorders. One of the most predominant biomarkers in neuroimaging is represented by brain age, which has been…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-20 Carlo Alberto Barbano , Matteo Brunello , Benoit Dufumier , Marco Grangetto

Anomaly detection and classification in medical imaging are critical for early diagnosis but remain challenging due to limited annotated data, class imbalance, and the high cost of expert labeling. Emerging vision foundation models such as…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-17 Fazle Rafsani , Jay Shah , Catherine D. Chong , Todd J. Schwedt , Teresa Wu

Early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains a major challenge due to the subtle and temporally irregular progression of structural brain changes in the prodromal stages. Existing deep learning approaches require large longitudinal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Maxx Richard Rahman , Mostafa Hammouda , Wolfgang Maass

Imaging findings inconsistent with those expected at specific chronological age ranges may serve as early indicators of neurological disorders and increased mortality risk. Estimation of chronological age, and deviations from expected…

Multimodal MRI offers complementary multi-scale information to characterize the brain structure. However, it remains challenging to effectively integrate multimodal MRI while achieving neuroscience interpretability. Here we propose to use…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-15 Chengzhi Xia , Jianwei Chen , Yixuan Jiang , Qi Yan , Chao Li

Alzheimers Disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that poses significant challenges in its early diagnosis, often leading to delayed treatment and poorer outcomes for patients. Traditional diagnostic methods, typically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Tatwadarshi P Nagarhalli , Sanket Patil , Vishal Pande , Uday Aswalekar , Prafulla Patil

Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness. Although the Age-Related Eye Disease Study group previously developed a 9-step AMD severity scale for manual classification of AMD severity from color fundus images,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-04 Qingyu Chen , Yifan Peng , Tiarnan Keenan , Shazia Dharssi , Elvira Agron , Wai T. Wong , Emily Y. Chew , Zhiyong Lu

The deviation between chronological age and biological age is a well-recognized biomarker associated with cognitive decline and neurodegeneration. Age-related and pathology-driven changes to brain structure are captured by various…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Saurabh Sihag , Gonzalo Mateos , Corey McMillan , Alejandro Ribeiro

In the clinical diagnosis and treatment of brain tumors, manual image reading consumes a lot of energy and time. In recent years, the automatic tumor classification technology based on deep learning has entered people's field of vision.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-07 Yuhao Zhang , Shuhang Wang , Haoxiang Wu , Kejia Hu , Shufan Ji

Face information is mainly concentrated among facial key points, and frontier research has begun to use graph neural networks to segment faces into patches as nodes to model complex face representations. However, these methods construct…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Yiping Zhang , Yuntao Shou , Wei Ai , Tao Meng , Keqin Li

Synthetic longitudinal brain MRI simulates brain aging and would enable more efficient research on neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative conditions. Synthetically generated, age-adjusted brain images could serve as valuable alternatives…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-03 Anna Zapaishchykova , Benjamin H. Kann , Divyanshu Tak , Zezhong Ye , Daphne A. Haas-Kogan , Hugo J. W. L. Aerts

In-scanner motion degrades the quality of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) thereby reducing its utility in the detection of clinically relevant abnormalities. We introduce a deep learning-based MRI artifact reduction model (DMAR) to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-03 Yijun Zhao , Jacek Ossowski , Xuming Wang , Shangjin Li , Orrin Devinsky , Samantha P. Martin , Heath R. Pardoe

Detection of various lesions in brain MRI is clinically critical, but challenging due to the diversity of lesions and variability in imaging conditions. Current unsupervised learning methods detect anomalies mainly through reconstructing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Tao Yang , Xiuying Wang , Hao Liu , Guanzhong Gong , Lian-Ming Wu , Yu-Ping Wang , Lisheng Wang

Early and accurate diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and its prodromal period mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is essential for the delayed disease progression and the improved quality of patients'life. The emerging computer-aided…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-29 Fan Zhang , Bo Pan , Pengfei Shao , Peng Liu , Shuwei Shen , Peng Yao , Ronald X. Xu

Accurate segmentation of laryngo-pharyngeal tumors is crucial for precise diagnosis and effective treatment planning. However, traditional single-modality imaging methods often fall short of capturing the complex anatomical and pathological…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-26 Junhao Wu , Yun Li , Junhao Li , Jingliang Bian , Xiaomao Fan , Wenbin Lei , Ruxin Wang

The most recent fast and accurate image segmentation methods are built upon fully convolutional deep neural networks. In this paper, we propose new deep learning strategies for DenseNets to improve segmenting images with subtle differences…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-11 Seyed Raein Hashemi , Sanjay P. Prabhu , Simon K. Warfield , Ali Gholipour

Prediction the conversion to early-stage dementia is critical for mitigating its progression but remains challenging due to subtle cognitive impairments and structural brain changes. Traditional T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Yilin Leng , Wenju Cui , Bai Chen , Xi Jiang , Shuangqing Chen , Jian Zheng
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