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Climate change impact studies inform policymakers on the estimated damages of future climate change on economic, health and other outcomes. In most studies, an annual outcome variable is observed, e.g. agricultural yield, along with a…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-04-24 Xiaomeng Cui , Bulat Gafarov , Dalia Ghanem , Todd Kuffner

The prediction of wind speed is very important when dealing with the production of energy through wind turbines. In this paper, we show a new nonparametric model, based on semi-Markov chains, to predict wind speed. Particularly we use an…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2013-12-16 Guglielmo D'Amico , Filippo Petroni , Flavio Prattico

We propose a method, a model, and a form of presenting model results for condition monitoring of a small set of wind turbines with rare failures. The main new ingredient of the method is to sample failure thresholds according to the profit…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-14 Viktor Begun , Ulrich Schlickewei

This work studies the effectiveness of several machine learning techniques for predicting extreme events occurring in the flow around an airfoil at low Reynolds. For certain Reynolds numbers the aerodynamic forces exhibit intermittent…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-08-13 Samuel H. Rudy , Themistoklis P. Sapsis

Accurate tropical cyclone (TC) track prediction is crucial for mitigating the catastrophic impacts of TCs on human life and the environment. Despite decades of research on tropical cyclone (TC) track prediction, large errors known as track…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-10-01 Haoran Zhao , Shaoqing Zhang , Yang Gao , Lixin Wu , Yihan Cao , Wenju Cai , Bin Wang , L. Ruby Leung , Zebin Lu , Zhong Zhong , Xiaolin Yu , Mingkui Li , Chenyu Zhu

Accurate tropical cyclones (TCs) tracking represents a critical challenge in the context of weather and climate science. Traditional tracking schemes mainly rely on subjective thresholds, which may introduce biases in their skills on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Davide Donno , Donatello Elia , Gabriele Accarino , Marco De Carlo , Enrico Scoccimarro , Silvio Gualdi

Short-term (0-24 hours) precipitation forecasting is highly valuable to socioeconomic activities and public safety. However, the highly complex evolution patterns of precipitation events, the extreme imbalance between precipitation and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Shuangliang Li , Siwei Li , Li Li , Weijie Zou , Jie Yang , Maolin Zhang

Probabilistic forecasts of wind speed are important for a wide range of applications, ranging from operational decision making in connection with wind power generation to storm warnings, ship routing and aviation. We present a statistical…

Applications · Statistics 2016-08-06 Michael Scheuerer , David Möller

Tropical cyclone wind-intensity prediction is a challenging task considering drastic changes climate patterns over the last few decades. In order to develop robust prediction models, one needs to consider different characteristics of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-08-23 Ratneel Vikash Deo , Rohitash Chandra , Anuraganand Sharma

Inland tropical cyclone (TC) impacts due to high winds and rainfall-induced flooding depend strongly on the evolution of the wind field and precipitation distribution after landfall. However, research has yet to test the detailed response…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2020-08-26 Jie Chen , Daniel R. Chavas

A new method for estimating tropical cyclone track uncertainty is presented and tested. This method uses a neural network to predict a bivariate normal distribution, which serves as an estimate for track uncertainty. We train the network…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-03-14 M. A. Fernandez , Elizabeth A. Barnes , Randal J. Barnes , Mark DeMaria , Marie McGraw , Galina Chirokova , Lixin Lu

Accurate forecasting of tropical cyclone (TC) intensity - particularly during periods of rapid intensification and rapid weakening - remains a challenge for operational meteorology, with high-stakes implications for disaster preparedness…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-09-29 Hongyu Qu , Hongxiong Xu , Lin Dong , Chunyi Xiang , Gaozhen Nie

Power system robustness against high impact low probability events is becoming a major concern. To depict distinct phases of a system response during these disturbances, an irregular polygon model is derived from the conventional trapezoid…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-11 Giritharan Vijay Iswaran , Ramin Vakili , Mojdeh Khorsand

This paper explores the potential of a hybrid modeling approach that combines machine learning (ML) with conventional physics-based modeling for weather prediction beyond the medium range. It extends the work of Arcomano et al. (2022),…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-11-28 Dhruvit Patel , Troy Arcomano , Brian Hunt , Istvan Szunyogh , Edward Ott

Tropical cyclone (TC) intensity forecasts are ultimately issued by human forecasters. The human in-the-loop pipeline requires that any forecasting guidance must be easily digestible by TC experts if it is to be adopted at operational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Trey McNeely , Niccolò Dalmasso , Kimberly M. Wood , Ann B. Lee

Wind flow can be highly unpredictable and can suffer substantial fluctuations in speed and direction due to the shape and height of hills, mountains, and valleys, making accurate wind speed (WS) forecasting essential in complex terrain.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Sourav Malakar , Saptarsi Goswami , Amlan Chakrabarti , Bhaswati Ganguli

Estimating the location and intensity of tropical cyclones holds crucial significance for predicting catastrophic weather events. In this study, we approach this task as a detection and regression challenge, specifically over the North…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-14 Akash Agrawal , Mayesh Mohapatra , Abhinav Raja , Paritosh Tiwari , Vishwajeet Pattanaik , Neeru Jaiswal , Arpit Agarwal , Punit Rathore

Many empirical hurricane economic loss models consider only wind speed and neglect storm size. These models may be inadequate in accurately predicting the losses of super-sized storms, such as Hurricane Sandy in 2012. In this study, we…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2015-06-19 Alice R. Zhai , Jonathan H. Jiang

Cloud processes are the largest source of uncertainty in quantifying the global temperature response to carbon dioxide rise. Still, the role of precipitation efficiency (PE) -- surface rain per unit column -- integrated condensation -- is…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-02-22 Ryan Li , Joshua Studholme , Alexey Fedorov , Trude Storelvmo

Forecast systems in science and technology are increasingly moving beyond point prediction toward methods that produce full predictive distributions of future outcomes y, conditional on high-dimensional and complex sequences of inputs x.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-13 Elizabeth Cucuzzella , Rafael Izbicki , Ann B. Lee