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Here, we present a variant of Nim with two piles. In the first pile, we have stones with a weight of 1, and in the second pile, we have stones with a weight of -2. Two Players take turns to take stones from one of the piles, and the total…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-12-06 Shoei Takahashi , Hikaru Manabe , Aoi Murakami , Ryohei Miyadera

We introduce and analyze the ordered Zeckendorf game, a novel combinatorial two-player game inspired by Zeckendorf's Theorem, which guarantees a unique decomposition of every positive integer as a sum of non-consecutive Fibonacci numbers.…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-31 Ivan Bortnovskyi , Michael Lucas , Steven J. Miller , Iana Vranesko , Ren Watson , Cameron White

Edouard Zeckendorf proved that every positive integer $n$ can be uniquely written \cite{Ze} as the sum of non-adjacent Fibonacci numbers, known as the Zeckendorf decomposition. Based on Zeckendorf's decomposition, we have the Zeckendorf…

Parrondo's coin-tossing games comprise two games, $A$ and $B$. The result of game $A$ is determined by the toss of a fair coin. The result of game $B$ is determined by the toss of a $p_0$-coin if capital is a multiple of $r$, and by the…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-01-03 S. N. Ethier , Jiyeon Lee

We investigate a game played between two players, Maker and Breaker, on a countably infinite complete graph where the vertices are the rational numbers. The players alternately claim unclaimed edges. It is Maker's goal to have after…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-23 Nathan Bowler , Florian Gut

In the best choice problem with random arrivals, an unknown number $n$ of rankable items arrive at times sampled from the uniform distribution. As is well known, a real-time player can ensure stopping at the overall best item with…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-03-09 Alexander Gnedin

Randomized mechanisms can have good normative properties compared to their deterministic counterparts. However, randomized mechanisms are problematic in several ways such as in their verifiability. We propose here to derandomize such…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Toby Walsh

Online Ramsey game is played between Builder and Painter on an infinite board $K_{\mathbb N}$. In every round Builder selects an edge, then Painter colors it red or blue. Both know target graphs $H_1$ and $H_2$. Builder aims to create…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-03-28 Grzegorz Adamski , Małgorzata Bednarska-Bzdȩga , Václav Blažej

We consider the urn setting with two different objects, ``good'' and ``bad'', and analyze the number of draws without replacement until a good object is picked. Although the expected number of draws for this setting is a standard textbook…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-04-07 John Ahlgren

Consider a two-player game repeated N times. Player 1 can choose between two styles (for interpretability, offensive and defensive), whereas Player 2 uses a single fixed style. Let X N\,:= \#wins -\#losses for Player 1 after N games, and…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Jonatha ANSELMI , Bruno Gaujal

We compare to different extensions of the ancient game of nim: Moore's nim$(n, \leq k)$ and exact nim$(n, = k)$. Given integers $n$ and $k$ such that $0 < k \leq n$, we consider $n$ piles of stones. Two players alternate turns. By one move…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-12-01 Vladimir Gurvich , Artem Parfenov , Michael Vyalyi

We study impartial take away games on 2 unordered piles of finite nonnegative numbers of tokens $(x,y)$. Two players alternate in removing at least one and at most all tokens from the respective piles, according to certain rules, and the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-06-21 Urban Larsson

A set of $2^n$ candidates is presented to a commission. At every round, each member of this commission votes by pairwise comparison, and one-half of the candidates is deleted from the tournament, the remaining ones proceeding to the next…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-23 Bernard De Baets , Emilio De Santis

Games often incorporate random elements in the form of dice or shuffled card decks. This randomness is a key contributor to the player experience and the variety of game situations encountered. There is a tension between a level of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-05 James Goodman , Diego Perez-Liebana , Simon Lucas

M\"uller games form a well-established class of games for model checking and verification. These games are played on directed graphs $\mathcal G$ where Player 0 and Player 1 play by generating an infinite path through the graph. The winner…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Zihui Liang , Bakh Khoussainov , Mingyu Xiao

We consider the following combinatorial game: two players, Fast and Slow, claim $k$-element subsets of $[n]=\{1,2,...,n\}$ alternately, one at each turn, such that both players are allowed to pick sets that intersect all previously claimed…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-01-07 Balazs Patkos , Mate Vizer

We consider a Maker-Breaker type game on the plane, in which each player takes $t$ points on their $t^\textrm{th}$ turn. Maker wins if he obtains $n$ points on a line (in any direction) without any of Breaker's points between them. We show…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-01-08 Joshua Erde , Mark Walters

Domineering is a two-player game played on a checkerboard in which one player places dominoes vertically, while the other places them horizontally. In this paper, we find out the minimum number of moves for a game of Domineering to end on…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-11-05 Rohan Karthikeyan , Siddharth Sinha

We introduce a graph Ramsey game called Ramsey, Paper, Scissors. This game has two players, Proposer and Decider. Starting from an empty graph on $n$ vertices, on each turn Proposer proposes a potential edge and Decider simultaneously…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-06-24 Jacob Fox , Xiaoyu He , Yuval Wigderson

The 2-player impartial game of Wythoff Nim is played on two piles of tokens. A move consists in removing any number of tokens from precisely one of the piles or the same number of tokens from both piles. The winner is the player who removes…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-10-29 Urban Larsson