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The exploration of fundamental quantum phenomena, such as entanglement and Bell inequality violations$-$extensively studied in low-energy regimes$-$has recently extended to high-energy particle collisions. Experimentally, Bell inequality…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-05-19 Emidio Gabrielli

We study the quantum properties of top quark pairs in lepton colliders with unpolarised beams, including spin correlations, entanglement, and violation of Bell inequalities. We present analytical results in the SM and in the SMEFT and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-09-27 Fabio Maltoni , Claudio Severi , Simone Tentori , Eleni Vryonidou

Quantum entanglement and Bell nonlocality--cornerstones of quantum mechanics--have traditionally been investigated only in low-energy experimental settings. Only recently, these fundamental phenomena have come to be explored in the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-02-05 Emidio Gabrielli , Luca Marzola

Bell inequality violation is one of the most widely known manifestations of entanglement in quantum mechanics; indicating that experiments on physically separated quantum mechanical systems cannot be given a local realistic description.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Yeong-Cherng Liang , Andrew C. Doherty

We demonstrate the relevance of entanglement, Bell inequalities and decoherence in particle physics. In particular, we study in detail the features of the ``strange'' $K^0 \bar K^0$ system as an example of entangled meson--antimeson…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-11-18 Reinhold A. Bertlmann

Entanglement is a critical resource used in many current quantum information schemes. As such entanglement has been extensively studied in two qubit systems and its entanglement nature has been exhibited by violations of the Bell…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 W. J. Munro , K. Nemoto , A. G. White

We investigate quantum entanglement and Bell-inequality violation in top-antitop pair production at future lepton colliders such as the International Linear Collider (ILC) and multi-TeV muon colliders. Within the Standard Model (SM), the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-04-24 Masato Arai , Kentarou Mawatari , Nobuchika Okada

The measurement of quantum entanglement can provide a new and most sensitive probe to physics beyond the Standard Model. We use the concurrence of the top-quark pair spin states produced at colliders to constrain the magnetic dipole term in…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-03-28 Marco Fabbrichesi , Roberto Floreanini , Emidio Gabrielli

Quantum entanglement is one of significant physics phenomena that can be examined at a particle collider. A muon collider can provide a stage on which we can study substantial physics phenomenon, starting from the precision measurements of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-04-15 Ran Ding , Alim Ruzi , Sitian Qian , Andrew Levin , Youpeng Wu , Qiang Li

In this PhD thesis, several aspects regarding maximal entanglement are analyzed. In the first chapter, Bell Inequalities are analyzed from an operational perspective as well as novel Bell inequalities are obtained together with their…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-01 Alba Cervera-Lierta

We explore the phenomenology of quantum entanglement at collider experiments by computing the polarization density matrix of processes yielding two massive gauge bosons. After reviewing the formalism, we detail observables suitable to test…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-05-16 Luca Marzola

We review the criteria for separability and quantum entanglement, both in a bipartite as well as a multipartite setting. We discuss Bell inequalities, entanglement witnesses, entropic inequalities, bound entanglement and several features of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Barbara M. Terhal

Bell-inequality checks constitute a probe of entanglement -- given a source of entangled particles, their violation are a signature of the non-local nature of quantum mechanics. Here, we study a solid state device producing pairs of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Nikolai M. Chtchelkatchev , Gianni Blatter , Gordey B. Lesovik , Thierry Martin

Quantum entanglement is a fundamental property of quantum mechanics. Recently, studies have explored entanglement in the $t\bar{t}$ system at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) when both the top quark and anti-top quark decay leptonically.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-10-30 Tao Han , Matthew Low , Tong Arthur Wu

How can one prove that a given state is entangled? In this paper we review different methods that have been proposed for entanglement detection. We first explain the basic elements of entanglement theory for two or more particles and then…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-04-16 Otfried Gühne , Geza Toth

A muon collider represents a promising candidate for the next generation of particle physics experiments after the expected end of LHC operations in the early 2040s. Rare or hard-to-detect processes at the LHC, such as the production of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-09-20 Alim Ruzi , Youpeng Wu , Ran Ding , Sitian Qian , Andrew Micheal Levin , Qiang Li

It is one of the most remarkable features of quantum physics that measurements on spatially separated systems cannot always be described by a locally causal theory. In such a theory, the outcomes of local measurements are determined in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 Yeong-Cherng Liang

Recent studies have shown that observing entangled particle states at a particle collider like Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and testing violation of Bell inequality in them can open up new research area for high energy physics study. We…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-06-23 Alim Ruzi , Youpeng Wu , Ran Ding , Qiang Li

We discuss quantum entanglement in top pair production at the LHC. Near the $t \bar t$ threshold, entanglement observables are enhanced by suppressing the contribution of $q \bar q$ subprocesses, which is achieved by a simple cut on the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-08-24 J. A. Aguilar-Saavedra , J. A. Casas

It has been shown that entanglement and Bell nonlocality, which are key concepts in Quantum Mechanics, can be probed in high-energy colliders via processes of fundamental particle scattering. In fact, the ATLAS and CMS collaborations have…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-06-17 Yoav Afik , Yevgeny Kats , Juan Ramón Muñoz de Nova , Abner Soffer , David Uzan
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