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We have demonstrated several inexpensive methods which can be used to measure the deflection angles of prisms with microradian precision. The methods are self-referenced, using various reversals to achieve absolute measurements without the…
High-resolution multi-modality information acquired by vision-based tactile sensors can support more dexterous manipulations for robot fingers. Optical flow is low-level information directly obtained by vision-based tactile sensors, which…
The effect of surface stress on the stiffness of cantilever beams remains an outstanding problem in the physical sciences. While numerous experimental studies report significant stiffness change due to surface stress, theoretical…
Nanoscale biosensors are devices designed to detect analytes by combining biological components and physicochemical detectors. One of the well known methods of constructing these sensors is by using nanocantilevers. These microscopic…
This work is a theoretical investigation of the stability of the non-linear behavior of an oscillating tip-cantilever system used in dynamic force microscopy. Stability criterions are derived that may help to a better understanding of the…
We propose an optical ring interferometer to observe environment-induced spatial decoherence of massive objects. The object is held in a harmonic trap and scatters light between degenerate modes of a ring cavity. The output signal of the…
Interatomic-force measurements are regularly performed using frequency-modulation atomic force microscopy. This requires conversion of the observed shift in the resonant frequency of a force-sensing cantilever, to the actual force…
Plasmonic nanostructures and devices are rapidly transforming light manipulation technology by allowing to modify and enhance optical fields on sub-wavelength scales. Advances in this field rely heavily on the development of new…
The use of atomic force microscopy on nanomechanical measurements requires accurate calibration of the cantilever's spring constant ($k_c$) and the optical lever sensitivity ($OLS$). The thermal method, based on the cantilever's thermal…
In a previous paper, we reviewed theoretically some of the available processing schemes for X-ray wavefront sensing based on random modulation. We here show experimental applications of the technique for characterising both refractive and…
Refractive optics in astronomical instruments are potentially sensitive to temperature gradients and temperature transients. This sensitivity arises from thermally dependent refractive indices, lens spacings, and lens dimensions. We have…
We describe a method that uses total internal reflection at the water-air interface inside a large, transparent tank, to measure the interface's deflections. Using this configuration, we obtain an optical set-up where the liquid surface…
Reliable operation of frequency modulation mode atomic force microscopy (FM-AFM) depends on a clean resonance of an AFM cantilever. It is recognized that the spurious mechanical resonances which originate from various mechanical components…
Accurate measurements of the nanoscale electromechanical coupling in materials, including piezo and ferroelectrics, twisted 2D layers, and biological systems is of both fundamental scientific and applied importance. Piezoresponse Force…
This work presents an analytical framework for modeling a detected orbital angular momentum (OAM) spectrum of an optical beam subject to tilt and lateral displacement. Firstly, we demonstrate that both types of misalignment generate OAM…
We cool the fundamental mechanical mode of an ultrasoft silicon cantilever from a base temperature of 2.2 K to 2.9 +/- 0.3 mK using active optomechanical feedback. The lowest observed mode temperature is consistent with limits determined by…
Tracking the kinematics of fast-moving objects is an important diagnostic tool for science and engineering. Existing optical methods include high-speed CCD/CMOS imaging, streak cameras, lidar, serial time-encoded imaging and sequentially…
Scanning near-field optical microscopy is one of the most effective techniques for spectroscopy of nanoscale systems. However, inferring optical constants from the measured near-field signal can be challenging because of a complicated and…
Developing a non-invasive, accurate vector magnetometer that operates at ambient temperature and is conducive to miniaturization and is self-calibrating is a significant challenge. Here, we present an unshielded three-axis vector…
A method to measure the electrical resistivity of materials using magnetic-force microscopy (MFM) is discussed, where MFM detects the magnetic field caused by the tip-oscillation-induced eddy current. To achieve high sensitivity, a high…