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Retrieval-augmented systems are typically evaluated in settings where information required to answer the query can be found within a single source or the answer is short-form or factoid-based. However, many real-world applications demand…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Rohan Phanse , Yijie Zhou , Kejian Shi , Wencai Zhang , Yixin Liu , Yilun Zhao , Arman Cohan

With the growing popularity of LLM agents and RAG, it has become increasingly important to retrieve documents that are essential for solving a task, even when their connection to the task is indirect or implicit. Addressing this problem…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Junwei Lan , Jianlyu Chen , Zheng Liu , Chaofan Li , Siqi Bao , Defu Lian

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing with their remarkable capabilities in text generation and reasoning. However, these models face critical challenges when deployed in real-world applications,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Pengcheng Jiang , Siru Ouyang , Yizhu Jiao , Ming Zhong , Runchu Tian , Jiawei Han

In this work, we aim at developing an extractive summarizer in the multi-document setting. We implement a rank based sentence selection using continuous vector representations along with key-phrases. Furthermore, we propose a model to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-26 Mir Tafseer Nayeem , Yllias Chali

Traditional Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) methods are limited by their reliance on a fixed number of retrieved documents, often resulting in incomplete or noisy information that undermines task performance. Although recent adaptive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Wenjia Zhai

We explore how iterative revising a chain of thoughts with the help of information retrieval significantly improves large language models' reasoning and generation ability in long-horizon generation tasks, while hugely mitigating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Zihao Wang , Anji Liu , Haowei Lin , Jiaqi Li , Xiaojian Ma , Yitao Liang

Document summarization, as a fundamental task in natural language generation, aims to generate a short and coherent summary for a given document. Controllable summarization, especially of the length, is an important issue for some practical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-16 Mingyang Song , Yi Feng , Liping Jing

Urgent suspected colorectal cancer (CRC) referrals create operational bottlenecks because semi-structured clinical documents often require manual review and transcription. The original RAPTOR system used Large Language Models for structured…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Sofiat Abioye , Ufaq Khan , Shazad Ashraf , Anusha Jose , Benjamin Wallace , William Poulett , Adam Byfield , Lukman Akanbi , Muhammad Bilal

While Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems enhance Large Language Models (LLMs) by incorporating external knowledge, they still face persistent challenges in retrieval inefficiency and the inability of LLMs to filter out irrelevant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Ruobing Yao , Yifei Zhang , Shuang Song , Yuhua Liu , Neng Gao , Chenyang Tu

Retrieval-augmented generation supports language models to strengthen their factual groundings by providing external contexts. However, language models often face challenges when given extensive information, diminishing their effectiveness…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Chanwoong Yoon , Taewhoo Lee , Hyeon Hwang , Minbyul Jeong , Jaewoo Kang

The rewriting method for text summarization combines extractive and abstractive approaches, improving the conciseness and readability of extractive summaries using an abstractive model. Exiting rewriting systems take each extractive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-14 Guangsheng Bao , Yue Zhang

LLMs confront inherent limitations in terms of its knowledge, memory, and action. The retrieval augmentation stands as a vital mechanism to address these limitations, which brings in useful information from external sources to augment the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Peitian Zhang , Shitao Xiao , Zheng Liu , Zhicheng Dou , Jian-Yun Nie

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has been shown to enhance the factual accuracy of Large Language Models (LLMs), but existing methods often suffer from limited reasoning capabilities in effectively using the retrieved evidence,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Shayekh Bin Islam , Md Asib Rahman , K S M Tozammel Hossain , Enamul Hoque , Shafiq Joty , Md Rizwan Parvez

Large Language Models (LLMs) are adept at generating responses based on information within their context. While this ability is useful for interacting with structured data like code files, another popular method, Retrieval-Augmented…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Mihir Gupte , Paolo Giusto , Ramesh S

Large language models with retrieval-augmented generation encounter a pivotal challenge in intricate retrieval tasks, e.g., multi-hop question answering, which requires the model to navigate across multiple documents and generate…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Weijie Chen , Ting Bai , Jinbo Su , Jian Luan , Wei Liu , Chuan Shi

A common thread of retrieval-augmented methods in the existing literature focuses on retrieving encyclopedic knowledge, such as Wikipedia, which facilitates well-defined entity and relation spaces that can be modeled. However, applying such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Wenhao Yu , Chenguang Zhu , Zhihan Zhang , Shuohang Wang , Zhuosheng Zhang , Yuwei Fang , Meng Jiang

Traditional retrieval methods rely on transforming user queries into vector representations and retrieving documents based on cosine similarity within an embedding space. While efficient and scalable, this approach often fails to handle…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Felix Faltings , Wei Wei , Yujia Bao

Knowledge-intensive language tasks require NLP systems to both provide the correct answer and retrieve supporting evidence for it in a given corpus. Autoregressive language models are emerging as the de-facto standard for generating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-25 Michele Bevilacqua , Giuseppe Ottaviano , Patrick Lewis , Wen-tau Yih , Sebastian Riedel , Fabio Petroni

Existing long-document question answering systems typically process texts as flat sequences or use heuristic chunking, which overlook the discourse structures that naturally guide human comprehension. We present a discourse-aware…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Huiyao Chen , Yi Yang , Yinghui Li , Meishan Zhang , Baotian Hu , Min Zhang

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has been extensively employed to mitigate hallucinations in large language models (LLMs). However, existing methods for multi-hop reasoning tasks often lack global planning, increasing the risk of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Yijie Zhu , Haojie Zhou , Wanting Hong , Tailin Liu , Ning Wang