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Cells must continuously sense and respond to time-varying environmental stimuli. These signals are transmitted and processed by biochemical signalling networks. However, the biochemical reactions making up these networks are intrinsically…
Biological systems transduce signals from their surroundings through a myriad of pathways. In this paper, we describe signal transduction as a communication system: the signal transduction receptor acts as the receiver in this system, and…
A fluid composed of two molecular species may undergo phase segregation via spinodal decomposition. However, if the two molecular species can interconvert, e.g. change their chirality, then a phenomenon of phase amplification, which has not…
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascade, an evolutionarily conserved motif present in all eukaryotic cells, is involved in coordinating critical cell-fate decisions, regulating protein synthesis, and mediating learning…
The automatic classification of medical time series signals, such as electroencephalogram (EEG) and electrocardiogram (ECG), plays a pivotal role in clinical decision support and early detection of diseases. Although Transformer based…
This paper presents in-depth analysis of the excitable membranes of a biological system. We rigorously prove from the Chay neuron model that the state dependent voltage-sensitive potassium ion-channel and calcium sensitive potassium…
Discharge structure refers to the morphology of different plasma quantities, such as electron temperature, reaction rate, plasma potential, mass flux, net charge and species density, which are determined by plasma transport mechanism and…
It is important to understand the coordinated performance of cells in tissue. One possible mechanism in this coordination involves intracellular calcium signaling. The topology of intercellular connections in tissue should also play an…
Synaptotagmin (syt) 7 is one of three syt isoforms found in all metazoans; it is ubiquitously expressed, yet its function in neurons remains obscure. Here, we resolved Ca2+-dependent and Ca2+-independent synaptic vesicle (SV) replenishment…
We demonstrate a simple technique for molecular ion spectroscopy. BaCl$^+$ molecular ions are trapped in a linear Paul trap in the presence of a room-temperature He buffer gas and photodissociated by driving an electronic transition from…
Previous models of the cerebrovascular smooth muscle cell have not addressed the interaction between the electrical, chemical and mechanical components of cell function during the development of active tension. These models are primarily…
Integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) is considered a promising technology in the B5G/6G networks. The channel model is essential for an ISAC system to evaluate the communication and sensing performance. Most existing channel…
Calcium signals in pancreatic beta-cells collectives show a sharp transition from uncorrelated to correlated state resembling a phase transition as the slowly increasing glucose concentration crosses the tipping point. However, the exact…
In pancreatic $\beta$-cells, calcium oscillation signal is the core part of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Intracellular calcium concentration oscillates in response to the intake of glucose, which triggers the exocytosis of insulin…
Major part of a pancreatic islet is composed of beta cells that secrete insulin, a key hormone regulating influx of nutrients into all cells in a vertebrate organism to support nutrition, housekeeping or energy storage. Beta cells…
Cells use biochemical networks to translate environmental information into intracellular responses. These responses can be highly dynamic, but how the information is encoded in these dynamics remains poorly understood. Here we investigate…
Control of the cytoskeleton and mechanical contacts with the extracellular environment are essential component of motility in eukaryotic cells. In the absence of signals, cells continuously rebuild the cytoskeleton and periodically extend…
This paper presents a Markov-based system model for microfluidic molecular communication (MC) channels. By discretizing the advection-diffusion dynamics, the proposed model establishes a physically consistent state-space formulation. The…
In this paper we present a simple microscopic stochastic model describing short term plasticity within a large homogeneous network of interacting neurons. Each neuron is represented by its membrane potential and by the residual calcium…
Calibrating mathematical models of biological processes is essential for achieving predictive accuracy and gaining mechanistic insight. However, this task remains challenging due to limited and noisy data, significant biological…