Related papers: A Ca$^{2+}$ puff model based on integrodifferentia…
It is challenging to parameterize the force field for calcium ions (Ca2+) in calcium-binding proteins because of their unique coordination chemistry that involves the surrounding atoms required for stability. In this work, we observed wide…
Astrocytes express a large variety of G~protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) which mediate the transduction of extracellular signals into intracellular calcium responses. This transduction is provided by a complex network of biochemical…
Signal transduction is an important and basic mechanism to cell life activities. The stochastic state transition of receptor induces the release of signaling molecular, which triggers the state transition of other receptors. It constructs a…
It is shown, by means of numerical simulations, that intercellular spiral waves of calcium can be initiated in a network of coupled cells as a result of a de-synchronization between Ca2+ oscillations in two domains. No artificial…
Diffusion Transformers (DiTs) have become a de facto backbone of modern visual generation, and nearly every major axis of their design -- tokenization, attention, conditioning, objectives, and latent autoencoders -- has been extensively…
Changes in calcium concentration along the sperm flagellum regulate sperm motility and hyperactivation, characterized by an increased flagellar bend amplitude and beat asymmetry, enabling the sperm to reach and penetrate the ovum (egg). The…
We propose a model for synaptic plasticity based on a calcium signaling cascade. The model simplifies the full signaling pathways from a calcium influx to the phosphorylation (potentiation) and dephosphorylation (depression) of glutamate…
Coordinated responses to environmental stimuli are critical for multicellular organisms. To overcome the obstacles of cell-to-cell heterogeneity and noisy signaling dynamics within individual cells, cells must effectively exchange…
Synaptic transmission between neurons is governed by a cascade of stochastic reaction-diffusion events that lead to calcium-induced vesicle release of neurotransmitter. Since experimental measurements of such systems are challenging due…
Deciphering the complex interactions between neurotransmission and astrocytic $Ca^{2+}$ elevations is a target promising a comprehensive understanding of brain function. While the astrocytic response to excitatory synaptic activity has been…
Cell migration is a fundamental process involved in physiological phenomena such as the immune response and morphogenesis, but also in pathological processes, such as the development of tumor metastasis. These functions are effectively…
Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) and proteins with intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) govern a daunting number of physiological processes. For such proteins, molecular mechanisms governing their interactions with proteins…
We employ a unified framework for computing the information capacity of biological signaling systems using Fisher Information. By deriving closed-form or easily computable information capacity formulas, we quantify how well different…
Phosphorelays are a class of signaling mechanisms used by cells to respond to changes in their environment. Phosphorelays (of which two-component systems constitute a special case) are particularly abundant in prokaryotes and have been…
Virtually all cells use energy and ion-specific membrane pumps to maintain large transmembrane gradients of Na$^+$, K$^+$, Cl$^-$, Mg$^{++}$, and Ca$^{++}$. Although they consume up to 1/3 of a cell's energy budget, the corresponding…
Fluctuation analysis is a method which allows measurement of the single channel current of ion channels even when it is too small to be resolved directly with the patch clamp technique. This is the case for voltage-gated Ca2+ channels…
We investigate calcium signaling feedback through calcium-activated potassium channels of a dendritic spine by applying the immersed boundary method with electrodiffusion. We simulate the stochastic gating of such ion channels and the…
We present studies of resonance-enhanced photo-ionization for isotope-selective loading of Ca+ into a Paul trap. The 4s^2 ^1S_0 <-> 4s4p ^1P_1 transition of neutral calcium is driven by a 423nm laser and the atoms are photo-ionized by a…
We investigate the melting behavior of calcium oxide (CaO) under extreme conditions, a problem that remains poorly constrained due to experimental limitations despite its relevance for geophysical and technological applications. We develop…
We present a new model for the dynamics of the presynaptic intracellular calcium concentration in neurons evoked by various stimulation protocols. The aim of the model is twofold: We want to discuss the calcium transients during and after…