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Negative refraction is known to occur in materials that simultaneously possess a negative electric permittivity and magnetic permeability; hence they are termed negative index materials. However, there are no known natural materials that…

Large-scale kernel ridge regression (KRR) is limited by the need to store a large kernel matrix K_t. To avoid storing the entire matrix K_t, Nystrom methods subsample a subset of columns of the kernel matrix, and efficiently find an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Daniele Calandriello , Alessandro Lazaric , Michal Valko

In medicine, reference curves serve as an important tool for everyday clinical practice. Pediatricians assess the growth process of children with the help of percentile curves serving as norm references. The mathematical methods for the…

In two-photon polymerization (TPP), the degree of conversion (DC) of the resin has an effect on a broad range of material properties like refractive index (RI) or stiffness. Heterogeneous DC can substitute material doping and multimaterial…

Optics · Physics 2026-02-13 Michal Ziemczonok , Koen Vanmol

We suggest a new multimodal imaging technique for quantitatively measuring the integral (thickness-average) refractive index of the nuclei of live biological cells in suspension. For this aim, we combined quantitative phase microscopy with…

In order to explain the positive temperature coefficient of the visible index of refraction of fused silica I develop a simple model which assumes a single ultraviolet resonance. Assuming thermal broadening and using the Kramers- Kronig…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-10-30 J. I. Katz

X-ray resonant magnetic reflectivity (XRMR) is a powerful method to determine the optical, structural and magnetic depth profiles of a variety of thin films. Here, we investigate samples of different complexity all measured at the Pt L$_3$…

Optical reflection microscopy is one of the main imaging tools to visualize graphene microstructures. Here is reported a novel method that employs refractive index optimization in an optical reflection microscope, which greatly improves the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2013-05-29 H. Gonçalves , L. Alves , C. Moura , M. Belsley , T. Stauber , P. Schellenberg

Infrared spectroscopy with medium to high spectral resolution is essential to characterize the gas content of circumstellar disks. Unfortunately, conducting continuum and line radiative transfer of thermochemical disk models is too…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-03-13 Yao Liu , Ilaria Pascucci , Thomas Henning

A new web-server called The Molecule Calculator (MolCalc) is presented. The entry page is a molecular editor (JSmol) for interactive molecule building. The resulting structure can then be used to estimate molecular properties such as heats…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2013-07-15 Jan H. Jensen , Jimmy C. Kromann

Recently, differentiable volume rendering in neural radiance fields (NeRF) has gained a lot of popularity, and its variants have attained many impressive results. However, existing methods usually assume the scene is a homogeneous volume so…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Jen-I Pan , Jheng-Wei Su , Kai-Wen Hsiao , Ting-Yu Yen , Hung-Kuo Chu

Ray tracing is a widely used technique for modeling optical systems, involving sequential surface-by-surface computations, which can be computationally intensive. We propose Ray2Ray, a novel method that leverages implicit neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Shiva Sinaei , Chuanjun Zheng , Kaan Akşit , Daisuke Iwai

Referring Expression Comprehension (REC) aims to localize the target objects specified by free-form natural language descriptions in images. While state-of-the-art methods achieve impressive performance, they perform a dense perception of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Wei Su , Peihan Miao , Huanzhang Dou , Xi Li

Based on the classical Lorentz model of the index of refraction, a new method is presented for the extraction of the complex index of refraction from the extinction efficiency of homogeneous and layered dielectric spheres that…

Optics · Physics 2022-06-28 Kalpa de Silva , Proity Akbar , Reinhold Blümel

Diffraction tomography is a noninvasive technique that estimates the refractive indices of unknown objects and involves an inverse-scattering problem governed by the wave equation. Recent works have shown the benefit of nonlinear models of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-09 Tao Hong , Thanh-an Pham , Eran Treister , Michael Unser

We present a Machine Learning approach based on Symbolic Regression to derive, from either numerically generated or experimentally measured spectral data, closed-form expressions that model the optical properties of biological materials. To…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-08-26 Julian Sierra-Velez , Alexandre Vial , Marina Inchaussandague , Diana Skigin , Demetrio Macías

The double wall-ring (DWR) rotational configuration is nowadays the instrument of choice regarding interfacial shear rheometers (ISR) in rotational configurations. Complex numerical schemes must be used in the analysis of the output data in…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-07-28 P. Sanchez-Puga , Miguel A. Rubio

Reranking, the process of refining the output from a first-stage retriever, is often considered computationally expensive, especially when using Large Language Models (LLMs). A common approach to mitigate this cost involves utilizing…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Hervé Déjean , Stéphane Clinchant

Advances in climate science have rendered obsolete gridded observation data sets commonly used in macroecological analyses. Novel climate reanalysis products outperform legacy data products in accuracy, temporal resolution, and provision of…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2022-02-02 Erik Kusch , Richard Davy

In this work we present a refractive index sensor based on the leaky radiation of a microfiber. The 5.3um diameter microfiber is fabricated by drawing a commercial optical fiber. When the microfiber is immersed into a liquid with larger…

Optics · Physics 2014-05-20 F. Gao , H. Liu , C. Sheng , C. Zhu , S. N. Zhu