Related papers: Sum of two squares in biquadratic fields
In this paper, based mainly on the method of Iwasawa and Kida, by studying in detail the Hasse units and the ramifications of prime ideals, we obtain explicit results of Iwasawa invariants $ \lambda_{2} $ of the cyclotomic $…
We provide a polynomial time algorithm to determine a cubic bipartite graph has a hamilton cycle or not.
Let $n\in\mathbb{N}$ and let $K$ be a field with a henselian discrete valuation of rank $n$ with hereditarily euclidean residue field. Let $F/K$ be an algebraic function field in one variable. We show that the Pythagoras number of $F$ is…
In this paper, we obtain formulas for the number of representations of positive integers as sums of arbitrarily many squares (and other polygonal numbers) with a certain natural weighting. The resulting weighted sums give Fourier…
We use a representability theorem of G. L. Watson to examine sums of squares in Quaternion rings with integer coefficients. This allows us to determine a large family of such rings where every element expressible as the sum of squares can…
Recently, the weight distributions of the duals of the cyclic codes with two zeros have been obtained for several cases. In this paper we provide a slightly different approach toward the general problem and use it to solve one more special…
The Macaulay2 package SumsOfSquares decomposes polynomials as sums of squares. It is based on methods to rationalize sum-of-squares decompositions due to Parrilo and Peyrl. The package features a data type for sums-of-squares polynomials,…
The relationship between nonnegative polynomials and sums of squares is one of the central questions in real algebraic geometry. A modern approach is to look at nonnegative polynomials and sums of squares on a real variety. We survey the…
Let $V$ be a vector space with countable dimension over a field, and let $u$ be an endomorphism of it which is locally finite, i.e. $(u^k(x))_{k \geq 0}$ is linearly dependent for all $x$ in $V$. We give several necessary and sufficient…
We use ideas from our previous work to obtain some theorems that will allow us to obtain the integer solution of a quadratic polynomial in two variables that represents a natural number
In our paper, we apply additive-combinatorial methods to study the distribution of the set of squares $\mathcal{R}$ in the prime field. We obtain the best upper bound on the number of gaps in $\mathcal{R}$ at the moment and generalize this…
We study the sum of divisors of the quadratic form $m_1^2+m_2^2+m_3^2$. Let $$S_3(X)=\sum_{1\le m_1,m_2,m_3\le X}\tau(m_1^2+m_2^2+m_3^2).$$ We obtain the asymptotic formula $$S_3(X)=C_1X^3\log X+ C_2X^3+O(X^2\log^7 X),$$ where $C_1,C_2$ are…
It is shown that, under some mild technical conditions, representations of prime numbers by binary quadratic forms can be computed in polynomial complexity by exploiting Schoof's algorithm, which counts the number of $\mathbb F_q$-points of…
We determine the conditions resulting from equating the area sums of alternative sectors in a circle generated by four, two, and three straight lines, respectively, that connect opposite points on its circumference while passing through a…
A number field $k$ admits a binary integral quadratic form which represents all integers locally but not globally if and only if the class number of $k$ is bigger than one. In this case, there are only finitely many classes of such binary…
We prove the cyclic sum formulas for certain two-parameter multiple series. These are new and non-trivial generalizations of the cyclic sum formulas for multiple zeta values and multiple zeta-star values.
We study a function, which is a weighted sum of the squares of the distances of an arbitrary point to the sidelines of a triangle. The given weights, considered as barycentric coordinates, determine a point $M$. We prove that the function…
In Euclidean geometry, the Pythagorean theorem is presented as an equation involving three squares. This paper explores how analogous expressions may be identified in spherical and hyperbolic geometries.
We fix a counting function of multiplicities of algebraic points in a projective hypersurface over a number field, and take the sum over all algebraic points of bounded height and fixed degree. An upper bound for the sum with respect to…
Recently, the weight distributions of the duals of the cyclic codes with two zeros have been obtained for several cases. In this paper we use the method developed before to solve one more special case. We make extensive use of standard…