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Web-based chatbots provide website owners with the benefits of increased sales, immediate response to their customers, and insight into customer behaviour. While Web-based chatbots are getting popular, they have not received much scrutiny…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-05-18 Nazar Waheed , Muhammad Ikram , Saad Sajid Hashmi , Xiangjian He , Priyadarsi Nanda

Increasing anthropomorphic robot behavioral design could affect trust and cooperation positively. However, studies have shown contradicting results and suggest a task-dependent relationship between robots that display emotions and trust.…

This study presents a unique framework that applies and extends Solove (2006)'s taxonomy to address privacy concerns in interactions with text-based AI chatbots. As chatbot prevalence grows, concerns about user privacy have heightened.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Ece Gumusel , Kyrie Zhixuan Zhou , Madelyn Rose Sanfilippo

AI chatbots are becoming a primary interface for seeking information. As their popularity grows, chatbot providers are starting to deploy advertising and analytics. Despite this, tracking on AI chatbots has not been systematically studied.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Muhammad Jazlan , Ethan Wang , Yash Vekaria , Zubair Shafiq

Companion chatbots offer a potential solution to the growing epidemic of loneliness, but their impact on users' psychosocial well-being remains poorly understood, raising critical ethical questions about their deployment and design. This…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Auren R. Liu , Pat Pataranutaporn , Pattie Maes

Communication between humans and artificial agents is essential for their interaction. This is often inspired by human communication, which uses gestures, facial expressions, gaze direction, and other explicit and implicit means. This work…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Ana Christina Almada Campos , Bruno Vilhena Adorno

Background: Empathy is widely recognized for improving patient outcomes, including reduced pain and anxiety and improved satisfaction, and its absence can cause harm. Meanwhile, use of artificial intelligence (AI)-based chatbots in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Alastair Howcroft , Amber Bennett-Weston , Ahmad Khan , Joseff Griffiths , Simon Gay , Jeremy Howick

Publicly deploying research chatbots is a nuanced topic involving necessary risk-benefit analyses. While there have recently been frequent discussions on whether it is responsible to deploy such models, there has been far less focus on the…

Chatbots are popular machine partners for task-oriented and social interactions. Human-human computer-mediated communication research has explored how people express their gender and sexuality in online social interactions, but little is…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-06-07 Justin Edwards , Leigh Clark , Allison Perrone

As chatbots increasingly blur the boundary between automated systems and human conversation, the foundations of trust in these systems warrant closer examination. While regulatory and policy frameworks tend to define trust in normative…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Aditya Gulati , Nuria Oliver

Existing emotion-aware conversational models usually focus on controlling the response contents to align with a specific emotion class, whereas empathy is the ability to understand and concern the feelings and experience of others. Hence,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-26 Yanran Li , Ke Li , Hongke Ning , xiaoqiang Xia , Yalong Guo , Chen Wei , Jianwei Cui , Bin Wang

The rise of increasingly more powerful chatbots offers a new way to collect information through conversational surveys, where a chatbot asks open-ended questions, interprets a user's free-text responses, and probes answers whenever needed.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-03-24 Ziang Xiao , Michelle X. Zhou , Q. Vera Liao , Gloria Mark , Changyan Chi , Wenxi Chen , Huahai Yang

As people increasingly seek emotional support and companionship from AI chatbots, understanding how such interactions impact mental well-being becomes critical. We conducted a four-week randomized controlled experiment (n=981, >300k…

Chatbots' growing popularity has brought new challenges to HCI, having changed the patterns of human interactions with computers. The increasing need to approximate conversational interaction styles raises expectations for chatbots to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Ana Paula Chaves , Marco Aurelio Gerosa

This research examines how the emotional tone of human-AI interactions shapes ChatGPT and human behavior. In a between-subject experiment, we asked participants to express a specific emotion while working with ChatGPT (GPT-4.0) on two…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Florence Bernays , Marco Henriques Pereira , Jochen Menges

A natural conversational interface that allows longitudinal symptom tracking would be extremely valuable in health/wellness applications. However, the task of designing emotionally-aware agents for behavior change is still poorly…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-07-26 Asma Ghandeharioun , Daniel McDuff , Mary Czerwinski , Kael Rowan

Conversational artificial intelligence (AI) provides an efficient and convenient gateway to information access. However, it can cause overreliance when users blindly trust AI and accept its answers without fact-checking. Information search…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Mert Yazan , Frederik Bungaran Ishak Situmeang , Suzan Verberne

Conversational agents increasingly mediate everyday digital interactions, yet the effects of their communication style on user experience and task success remain unclear. Addressing this gap, we describe the results of a between-subject…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Erik Derner , Dalibor Kučera , Aditya Gulati , Ayoub Bagheri , Nuria Oliver

Loneliness and stress are prevalent among young adults and are linked to significant psychological and health-related consequences. Social robots may offer a promising avenue for emotional support, especially when considering the ongoing…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Guy Laban , Sophie Chiang , Hatice Gunes

The research community has traditionally shown a keen interest in emotion modeling, with a notable emphasis on the detection aspect. In contrast, the exploration of emotion generation has received less attention.This study delves into an…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Taseen Mubassira , Mehedi Hasan , A. B. M. Alim Al Iislam