Related papers: Quasi-equilibrium states and phase transitions in …
The quasi-species equation describes the evolution of the probability that a random individual in a population carries a given genome. Here we map the quasi-species equation for individuals of a self-reproducing population to an ensemble of…
In the wake of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, there has been heightened interest from applied mathematicians in infectious disease modelling. Modelling efforts often focus on predicting whether diseases are likely to be eliminated or, instead,…
Equilibrium thermodynamics describes the energy exchange of a body with its environment. Here, we describe the global energy exchange of an ideal gas in the Coutte flow in a thermodynamic-like manner. We derive a fundamental relation…
We consider abstract evolution equations with on-off time delay feedback. Without the time delay term, the model is described by an exponentially stable semigroup. We show that, under appropriate conditions involving the delay term, the…
We develop a hybrid semiclassical method to study the time evolution of one dimensional quantum systems in and out of equilibrium. Our method handles internal degrees of freedom completely quantum mechanically by a modified time evolving…
Developmental dynamics of multicellular organism is a process that takes place in a multi-stable system in which each attractor state represents a cell type and attractor transitions correspond to cell differentiation paths. This new…
The Earth's climate has experienced numerous critical transitions during its history, which have often been accompanied by massive and rapid changes in the biosphere. Such transitions are evidenced in various proxy records covering…
The possibility that a short-range interacting system exhibits nonadditivity is investigated. After the discussion on the precise definition of additivity and its consequence, we show that it is possible when the system is in a…
One can study communications by using Shannon's (1948) mathematical theory of communication. In social communications, however, the channels are not "fixed", but themselves subject to change. Communication systems change by communicating…
The Quasi Steady-State (QSS) model of long-term dynamics relies on the idea of time-scale decomposition. Assuming that the fast variables are infinitely fast and are stable in the long-term, the QSS model replaces the differential equations…
We describe society as a nonequilibrium probabilistic system: N individuals occupy W resource states in it and produce entropy S over definite time periods. Resulting thermodynamics is however unusual because a second entropy, H, measures a…
The conceptual difference between equilibrium and non-equilibrium steady state (NESS) is well established in physics and chemistry. This distinction, however, is not widely appreciated in dynamical descriptions of biological populations in…
Driven many-body quantum systems where some parameter in the Hamiltonian is varied quasiperiodically in time may exhibit nonequilibrium steady states that are qualitatively different from their periodically driven counterparts. Here we…
We study the non-equilibrium phase transition between survival and extinction of spatially extended biological populations using an agent-based model. We especially focus on the effects of global temporal fluctuations of the environmental…
Phase-transition phenomena in deep learning (grokking, emergent capabilities, and ontological reorganization under context shift) have been studied through several lenses, including representational compression, singular learning theory,…
To model the evolution of diseases with extended latency periods and the presence of asymptomatic patients like COVID-19, we define a simple discrete time stochastic SIR-type epidemic model. We include both latent periods as well as the…
We investigate the evolutionary dynamics of a finite population of RNA sequences adapting to a neutral fitness landscape. Despite the lack of differential fitness between viable sequences, we observe typical properties of adaptive…
Various phase transitions could have taken place in the early Universe, and may occur in the course of heavy-ion collisions and supernova explosions, in proto-neutron stars, cold compact stars, and in the condensed matter at terrestrial…
Most natural systems operate far from equilibrium, displaying time-asymmetric, irreversible dynamics characterized by a positive entropy production while exchanging energy and matter with the environment. Although stochastic thermodynamics…
We study the non-equilibrium phase diagram and the dynamical phase transitions occurring during the pre-thermalization of non-integrable quantum spin chains, subject to either quantum quenches or linear ramps of a relevant control…