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Customized hardware accelerators have been developed to provide improved performance and efficiency for DNN inference and training. However, the existing hardware accelerators may not always be suitable for handling various DNN models as…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-04-07 Xiaofan Zhang , Hanchen Ye , Deming Chen

This paper focuses on the simulation of multi-die System-on-Chip (SoC) architectures using VisualSim, emphasizing chiplet-based system modeling and performance analysis. Chiplet technology presents a promising alternative to traditional…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Wajid Ali , Ayaz Akram , Deepak Shankar

On the advent of the slow death of Moore's law, the silicon industry is moving towards a new era of chiplets. The automotive industry is experiencing a profound transformation towards software-defined vehicles, fueled by the surging demand…

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) enables privacy-preserving computation and has many applications. However, its practical implementation faces massive computation and memory overheads. To address this bottleneck, several…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Aikata Aikata , Ahmet Can Mert , Sunmin Kwon , Maxim Deryabin , Sujoy Sinha Roy

Recently, hardware technology has rapidly evolved pertaining to domain-specific applications/architectures. Soon, processors may be composed of a large collection of vendor-independent IP specialized for application-specific algorithms,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-09-14 Dawson Fox , Jose M Monsalve Diaz , Xiaoming Li

Deep neural network (DNN) accelerators with improved energy and delay are desirable for meeting the requirements of hardware targeted for IoT and edge computing systems. Convolutional neural networks (CoNNs) belong to one of the most…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-06 Qiuwen Lou , Chenyun Pan , John McGuiness , Andras Horvath , Azad Naeemi , Michael Niemier , X. Sharon Hu

High quality AI solutions require joint optimization of AI algorithms, such as deep neural networks (DNNs), and their hardware accelerators. To improve the overall solution quality as well as to boost the design productivity, efficient…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-10-16 Cong Hao , Yao Chen , Xiaofan Zhang , Yuhong Li , Jinjun Xiong , Wen-mei Hwu , Deming Chen

The rapid growth of Machine Learning (ML) has increased demand for DNN hardware accelerators, but their embodied carbon footprint poses significant environmental challenges. This paper leverages approximate computing to design sustainable…

Domain-specific machine learning (ML) accelerators such as Google's TPU and Apple's Neural Engine now dominate CPUs and GPUs for energy-efficient ML processing. However, the evolution of electronic accelerators is facing fundamental limits…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Febin Sunny , Ebadollah Taheri , Mahdi Nikdast , Sudeep Pasricha

The rapid deployment of deep neural network (DNN) accelerators in safety-critical domains such as autonomous vehicles, healthcare systems, and financial infrastructure necessitates robust mechanisms to safeguard data confidentiality and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Wei Xuan , Zihao Xuan , Rongliang Fu , Ning Lin , Kwunhang Wong , Zikang Yuan , Lang Feng , Zhongrui Wang , Tsung-Yi Ho , Yuzhong Jiao , Luhong Liang

Large Language Models (LLMs) impose massive computational demands, driving the need for scalable multi-chiplet accelerators. However, existing mapping space exploration efforts for such accelerators primarily focus on traditional…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Boyu Li , Zongwei Zhu , Yi Xiong , Qianyue Cao , Jiawei Geng , Xiaonan Zhang , Xi Li

Neural network (NN) accelerators with multi-chip-module (MCM) architectures enable integration of massive computation capability; however, they face challenges of computing resource underutilization and off-chip communication overheads.…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Zongle Huang , Hongyang Jia , Kaiwei Zou , Yongpan Liu

Large language models (LLMs) such as OpenAI's ChatGPT and Google's Gemini have demonstrated unprecedented capabilities of autoregressive AI models across multiple tasks triggering disruptive technology innovations around the world. However,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-05-22 Huwan Peng , Scott Davidson , Richard Shi , Shuaiwen Leon Song , Michael Taylor

In recent times, the trend in very large scale integration (VLSI) industry is multi-dimensional, for example, reduction of energy consumption, occupancy of less space, precise result, less power dissipation, faster response. To meet these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-02 Gaurab Bhattacharya

Map Space Exploration is the problem of finding optimized mappings of a Deep Neural Network (DNN) model on an accelerator. It is known to be extremely computationally expensive, and there has been active research looking at both heuristics…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-10 Sheng-Chun Kao , Angshuman Parashar , Po-An Tsai , Tushar Krishna

2.5D integration is an important technique to tackle the growing cost of manufacturing chips in advanced technology nodes. This poses the challenge of providing high-performance inter-chiplet interconnects (ICIs). As the number of chiplets…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Patrick Iff , Maciej Besta , Matheus Cavalcante , Tim Fischer , Luca Benini , Torsten Hoefler

Vision Transformers (ViTs) have established new performance benchmarks in vision tasks such as image recognition and object detection. However, these advancements come with significant demands for memory and computational resources,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Cong Wang , Zexin Fu , Jiayi Huang , Shanshi Huang

The exponential growth of AI has created unprecedented demand for computational resources, pushing chip designs to the limit while simultaneously escalating the environmental footprint of computing. As the industry transitions toward…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Chetan Choppali Sudarshan , Jiajun Hu , Aman Arora , Vidya A. Chhabria

As Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) continue to drive advancements in artificial intelligence, the design of hardware accelerators faces growing concerns over embodied carbon footprint due to complex fabrication processes. 3D integration…

Deep neural networks (DNN) have shown superior performance in a variety of tasks. As they rapidly evolve, their escalating computation and memory demands make it challenging to deploy them on resource-constrained edge devices. Though…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Jiaqi Gu , Hanqing Zhu , Chenghao Feng , Mingjie Liu , Zixuan Jiang , Ray T. Chen , David Z. Pan