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The El Ni\~no Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the most important driver of interannual global climate variability and can trigger extreme weather events and disasters in various parts of the globe. Recently, we have developed two approaches…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2022-03-31 Josef Ludescher , Jun Meng , Jingfang Fan

The robotic systems continuously interact with complex dynamical systems in the physical world. Reliable predictions of spatiotemporal evolution of these dynamical systems, with limited knowledge of system dynamics, are crucial for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-01-08 Yun Long , Xueyuan She , Saibal Mukhopadhyay

Short-term load forecasting (STLF) is challenging due to complex time series (TS) which express three seasonal patterns and a nonlinear trend. This paper proposes a novel hybrid hierarchical deep learning model that deals with multiple…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Slawek Smyl , Grzegorz Dudek , Paweł Pełka

The El Ni\~no-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a mode of interannual variability in the coupled equatorial Pacific coupled atmosphere/ocean system. El Ni\~no describes a state in which sea surface temperatures in the eastern Pacific increase…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2017-10-10 John Guckenheimer , Axel Timmermann , Henk Dijkstra , Andrew Roberts

Deep-learning (DL) weather prediction models offer some notable advantages over traditional physics-based models, including auto-differentiability and low computational cost, enabling detailed diagnostics of forecast errors. Using our…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-07-23 Uros Perkan , Ziga Zaplotnik , Gregor Skok

The El Ni\~no Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the strongest driver of year-to-year variations of the global climate and can lead to extreme weather conditions and disasters in various regions around the world. Here, we review two different…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-01-26 J. Ludescher , J. Meng , J. Fan , A. Bunde , H. J. Schellnhuber

In recent years, the application of machine learning approaches to time-series forecasting of climate dynamical phenomena has become increasingly active. It is known that applying a band-pass filter to a time-series data is a key to…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-05-26 Takuya Jinno , Takahito Mitsui , Kengo Nakai , Yoshitaka Saiki , Tsuyoshi Yoneda

The El Ni\~no Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the most important driver of climate variability and can trigger extreme weather events and disasters in various parts of the globe. Recently we have developed a network approach, which allows…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2020-02-19 Josef Ludescher , Armin Bunde , Shlomo Havlin , Hans Joachim Schellnhuber

On average once every four years, the Tropical Pacific warms considerably during events called El Ni\~no, leading to weather disruptions over many regions on Earth. Recent machine-learning approaches to El Ni\~no prediction, in particular…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-06-19 G. Lancia , I. J. Goede , C. Spitoni , H. A. Dijkstra

El Ni\~no-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the most prominent interannual climate variability in the tropics and exhibits diverse features in spatiotemporal patterns. In this paper, a simple multiscale intermediate coupled stochastic model is…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2022-06-15 Nan Chen , Xianghui Fang

The El Ni{~n}o-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) exerts profound influence on global climate variability, yet its prediction remains a grand challenge. Recent advances in deep learning have significantly improved forecasting skill, but the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Yanhai Gan , Yipeng Chen , Ning Li , Xingguo Liu , Junyu Dong , Xianyao Chen

The increasing focus on predicting renewable energy production aligns with advancements in deep learning (DL). The inherent variability of renewable sources and the complexity of prediction methods require robust approaches, such as DL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Haibo Wang , Jun Huang , Lutfu Sua , Bahram Alidaee

Climate models (CM) are used to evaluate the impact of climate change on the risk of floods and strong precipitation events. However, these numerical simulators have difficulties representing precipitation events accurately, mainly due to…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2021-02-15 Rilwan Adewoyin , Peter Dueben , Peter Watson , Yulan He , Ritabrata Dutta

Climate change and sea-level rise (SLR) pose escalating threats to coastal cities, intensifying the need for efficient and accurate methods to predict potential flood hazards. Traditional physics-based hydrodynamic simulators, although…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Bilal Hassan , Areg Karapetyan , Aaron Chung Hin Chow , Samer Madanat

El Ni\~no-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the most predominant interannual variability in the tropics, significantly impacting global weather and climate. In this paper, a framework of low-order conceptual models for the ENSO is…

Geophysics · Physics 2023-08-09 Nan Chen , Yinling Zhang

El Ni\~no episodes are part of the El Ni\~no-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), which is the strongest driver of interannual climate variability, and can trigger extreme weather events and disasters in various parts of the globe. Previously we…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-11-04 A. Bunde , J. Ludescher , H. J. Schellnhuber

Reliable long-lead forecasting of the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) remains a long-standing challenge in climate science. The previously developed Multimodal ENSO Forecast (MEF) model uses 80 ensemble predictions by two independent…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-08-27 Saghar Ganji , Ahmad Reza Labibzadeh , Alireza Hassani , Mohammad Naisipour

The El Ni\~no Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the most important driver of interannual global climate variability and can trigger extreme weather events and disasters in various parts of the globe. Depending on the region of maximal warming,…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2022-12-29 J. Ludescher , A. Bunde , H. J. Schellnhuber

The El Ni\~no phenomenon, synonymously El Ni\~no-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), is an anomalous climatic oscillation in the Equatorial Pacific that occurs once every 3-8 years. It affects the earth's climate on a global scale. Whether it is a…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2007-05-23 Debabrata Panja , Gerrit Burgers

The accurate long-term forecasting of the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is still one of the biggest challenges in climate science. While it is true that short-to medium-range performance has been improved significantly using the…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-09-09 Saghar Ganji , Mohammad Naisipour , Alireza Hassani , Arash Adib