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Multiple interval graphs are variants of interval graphs where instead of a single interval, each vertex is assigned a set of intervals on the real line. We study the complexity of the MAXIMUM CLIQUE problem in several classes of multiple…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2012-03-12 Mathew C. Francis , Daniel Gonçalves , Pascal Ochem

In a graph $G$, a vertex dominates itself and its neighbors. A subset $S\subseteq V(G)$ is said to be a double dominating set of $G$ if $S$ dominates every vertex of $G$ at least twice. The double domination number $\gamma_{\times 2}(G)$ is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-07-08 Wei Zhuang

We prove that for each integer $r\geq 2$, there exists a constant $C_r>0$ with the following property: for any $0<\varepsilon \leq 1/2$ and any graph $G$ with clique number at most $r,$ there is a partition of $V(G)$ into at most…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-02 António Girão , Toby Insley

Assume that $R_1,R_2,\dots,R_t$ are disjoint parallel lines in the plane. A $t$-interval (or $t$-track interval) is a set that can be written as the union of $t$ closed intervals, each on a different line. It is known that pairwise…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-08-09 János Barát , András Gyárfás , Gábor N. Sárközy

In 1982, Tuza conjectured that the size $\tau(G)$ of a minimum set of edges that intersects every triangle of a graph $G$ is at most twice the size $\nu(G)$ of a maximum set of edge-disjoint triangles of $G$. This conjecture was proved for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-21 Luis Chahua , Juan Gutierrez

We study the relationship between the eternal domination number of a graph and its clique covering number using both large-scale computation and analytic methods. In doing so, we answer two open questions of Klostermeyer and Mynhardt. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-02-22 Gary MacGillivray , C. M. Mynhardt , Virgélot Virgile

Recently, Ning and Zhai (2023) proved that every $n$-vertex graph $G$ with $\lambda (G) \ge \sqrt{\lfloor n^2/4\rfloor}$ has at least $\lfloor n/2\rfloor -1$ triangles, unless $G=K_{\lceil \frac{n}{2} \rceil, \lfloor \frac{n}{2} \rfloor}$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-18 Yongtao Li , Lihua Feng , Yuejian Peng

A graph $G$ is called $H$-saturated if it does not contain any copy of $H$, but for any edge $e$ in the complement of $G$ the graph $G+e$ contains some $H$. The minimum size of an $n$-vertex $H$-saturated graph is denoted by $\sat(n,H)$. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-03-02 Zoltan Furedi , Younjin Kim

We investigate a covering problem in $3$-uniform hypergraphs ($3$-graphs): given a $3$-graph $F$, what is $c_1(n,F)$, the least integer $d$ such that if $G$ is an $n$-vertex $3$-graph with minimum vertex degree $\delta_1(G)>d$ then every…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-01-29 Victor Falgas--Ravry , Klas Markström , Yi Zhao

Let $G$ be a simple graph with $2n$ vertices and a perfect matching. We denote by $f(G)$ and $F(G)$ the minimum and maximum forcing number of $G$, respectively. Hetyei obtained that the maximum number of edges of graphs $G$ with a unique…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-11-23 Qianqian Liu , Heping Zhang

A graph $H$ is said to be $F$-saturated relative to $G$, if $H$ does not contain any copy of $F$, but the addition of any edge $e$ in $E(G)\backslash E(H)$ would create a copy of $F$. The minimum size of an $F$-saturated graph relative to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-12 Yiduo Xu , Zhen He , Mei Lu

Finding a Maximum Clique is a classic property test from graph theory; find any one of the largest complete subgraphs in an Erd\"os-R\'enyi G(N, p) random graph. We use Maximum Clique to explore the structure of the problem as a function of…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2023-05-26 Raffaele Marino , Scott Kirkpatrick

A graph is color-critical if it contains an edge whose deletion reduces its chromatic number. This class of graphs, including cliques and odd cycles, plays a central role in extremal graph theory. In this paper, following an influential…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-30 Longfei Fang , Yongtao Li , Huiqiu Lin , Jie Ma

In this paper we continue the study of a natural generalization of Tur\'an's forbidden subgraph problem and the Ruzsa-Szemer\'edi problem. Let $ex_F(n,G)$ denote the maximum number of edge-disjoint copies of a fixed simple graph $F$ that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-04-02 Benedek Kovács , Zoltán Lóránt Nagy

We prove that if $G$ is a graph and $f(v) \leq 1/(d(v) + 1/2)$ for each $v\in V(G)$, then either $G$ has an independent set of size at least $\sum_{v\in V(G)}f(v)$ or $G$ contains a clique $K$ such that $\sum_{v\in K}f(v) > 1$. This result…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-07-25 Tom Kelly , Luke Postle

A graph is $k$-clique-extendible if there is an ordering of the vertices such that whenever two $k$-sized overlapping cliques $A$ and $B$ have $k-1$ common vertices, and these common vertices appear between the two vertices $a,b\in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-07-14 Mathew Francis , Rian Neogi , Venkatesh Raman

Alon and Shikhelman initiated the systematic study of a generalization of the extremal function. Motivated by algorithmic applications, the study of the extremal function $\text{ex}(n, K_k, K_t\text{-minor})$, i.e., the number of cliques of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-08-23 Ruilin Shi , Fan Wei

Fix graphs $F$ and $H$. Let $\mathrm{ex}(n,H,F)$ denote the maximum number of copies of a graph $H$ in an $n$-vertex $F$-free graph. In this note we will give a new general supersaturation result for $\mathrm{ex}(n,H,F)$ in the case when…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-10-01 Anastasia Halfpap , Cory Palmer

Let $k\ge 2$ and $n_1\ge n_2\ge n_3\ge n_4$ be integers such that $n_4$ is sufficiently larger than $k$. We determine the maximum number of edges of a 4-partite graph with parts of sizes $n_1,\dots, n_4$ that does not contain $k$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-11-23 Jie Han , Yi Zhao

A graph is inductive $k$-independent if there exists and ordering of its vertices $v_{1},...,v_{n}$ such that $\alpha(G[N(v_{i})\cap V_{i}])\leq k $ where $N(v_{i})$ is the neighborhood of $v_{i}$, $V_{i}=\{v_{i},...,v_{n}\}$ and $\alpha$…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-09-21 George Manoussakis