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Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have emerged as a flexible framework for solving partial differential equations, but their performance on interface problems remains challenging because continuity and flux conditions are typically…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-19 Seung Whan Chung , Stephen T. Castonguay , Sumanta Roy , Michael S. Penwarden , Yucheng Fu , Pratanu Roy

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are a new tool for solving boundary value problems by defining loss functions of neural networks based on governing equations, boundary conditions, and initial conditions. Recent investigations have…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Ali Harandi , Ahmad Moeineddin , Michael Kaliske , Stefanie Reese , Shahed Rezaei

Safety is a primary concern when applying reinforcement learning to real-world control tasks, especially in the presence of external disturbances. However, existing safe reinforcement learning algorithms rarely account for external…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Zeyang Li , Chuxiong Hu , Shengbo Eben Li , Jia Cheng , Yunan Wang

Compared with conventional numerical approaches to solving partial differential equations (PDEs), physics-informed neural networks (PINN) have manifested the capability to save development effort and computational cost, especially in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-19 Shihong Zhang , Chi Zhang , Bosen Wang

Throughout many fields, practitioners often rely on differential equations to model systems. Yet, for many applications, the theoretical derivation of such equations and/or accurate resolution of their solutions may be intractable. Instead,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Grant Norman , Jacqueline Wentz , Hemanth Kolla , Kurt Maute , Alireza Doostan

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have shown promising potential for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) using deep learning. However, PINNs face training difficulties for evolutionary PDEs, particularly for dynamical…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-12-25 Siqi Chen , Bin Shan , Ye Li

Solving high-dimensional partial differential equations is a recurrent challenge in economics, science and engineering. In recent years, a great number of computational approaches have been developed, most of them relying on a combination…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-01-31 Nikolas Nüsken , Lorenz Richter

Reach-avoid (RA) games have significant applications in security and defense, particularly for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). These problems are inherently challenging due to the need to consider obstacles, consider the adversarial nature…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-30 Minh Bui , Simon Monckton , Mo Chen

Numerically solving high-dimensional partial differential equations (PDEs) is a major challenge. Conventional methods, such as finite difference methods, are unable to solve high-dimensional PDEs due to the curse-of-dimensionality. A…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-05-11 Deqing Jiang , Justin Sirignano , Samuel N. Cohen

This paper introduces the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman Proximal Policy Optimization (HJBPPO) algorithm into reinforcement learning. The Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) equation is used in control theory to evaluate the optimality of the value…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-02 Amartya Mukherjee , Jun Liu

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) offer a powerful framework for solving PDEs by embedding physical laws into the learning process. However, when applied to domains with irregular boundaries, PINNs often suffer from instability and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Xi Chen , Jianchuan Yang , Junjie Zhang , Runnan Yang , Xu Liu , Hong Wang , Tinghui Zheng , Ziyu Ren , Wenqi Hu

In order to solve the problem of the difficult direct measurement of temperature field in fluid machinery under high-speed compressible conditions, this study combines high-order finite difference numerical format, Weighted Essentially…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-08-01 Ruquan You , Shuming Zhang , Tinglin Kong , Haiwang Li

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) represent a significant advancement in Scientific Machine Learning (SciML), which integrate physical domain knowledge into an empirical loss function as soft constraints and apply existing machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Xiaoran Cheng , Sen Na

Parallel physical information neural networks (P-PINNs) have been widely used to solve systems with multiple coupled physical fields, such as the coupled Stokes-Darcy equations with Beavers-Joseph-Saffman (BJS) interface conditions.…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-10-21 Li Shan , Xi Shen

Autonomous ground vehicles (AGVs) must navigate safely in cluttered environments while accounting for complex dynamics and environmental uncertainty. Hamilton-Jacobi Reachability (HJR) offers formal safety guarantees through the computation…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Granthik Halder , Rudrashis Majumder , Rakshith M R , Rahi Shah , Suresh Sundaram

In this paper, we formulate a two-player zero-sum game under dynamic constraints defined by hybrid dynamical equations. The game consists of a min-max problem involving a cost functional that depends on the actions and resulting solutions…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-05-20 Santiago J. Leudo , Ricardo G. Sanfelice

Developing algorithms for solving high-dimensional partial differential equations (PDEs) has been an exceedingly difficult task for a long time, due to the notoriously difficult problem known as the "curse of dimensionality". This paper…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-07-17 Jiequn Han , Arnulf Jentzen , Weinan E

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are extensively employed to solve partial differential equations (PDEs) by ensuring that the outputs and gradients of deep learning models adhere to the governing equations. However, constrained by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Chenhao Si , Ming Yan

The aim of this work is to develop a deep learning method for solving high-dimensional stochastic control problems based on the Hamilton--Jacobi--Bellman (HJB) equation and physics-informed learning. Our approach is to parameterize the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-06-23 Zhe Jiao , Wantao Jia , Weiqiu Zhu

Deep learning based approaches like Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) and DeepONets have shown promise on solving PDE constrained optimization (PDECO) problems. However, existing methods are insufficient to handle those PDE…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-12 Zhongkai Hao , Chengyang Ying , Hang Su , Jun Zhu , Jian Song , Ze Cheng