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Given a graph $H$, a graph $G$ is $H$-free if $G$ does not contain $H$ as an induced subgraph. For a positive real number $t$, a non-complete graph $G$ is said to be $t$-tough if for every vertex cut $S$ of $G$, the ratio of $|S|$ to the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-03-21 Leyou Xu , Chengli Li , Bo Zhou

An $n$-vertex graph is Hamiltonian if it contains a cycle that covers all of its vertices and it is pancyclic if it contains cycles of all lengths from $3$ up to $n$. A celebrated meta-conjecture of Bondy states that every non-trivial…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-01-25 Nemanja Draganić , David Munhá Correia , Benny Sudakov

In 1930, Kuratowski showed that $K_{3,3}$ and $K_5$ are the only two minor-minimal non-planar graphs. Robertson and Seymour extended finiteness of the set of forbidden minors for any surface. \v{S}ir\'{a}\v{n} and Kochol showed that there…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-02-19 Alen Vegi Kalamar , Tadej Žerak , Drago Bokal

In this paper, we show that for any positive integer $m$ and $k\in [2]$, let $G$ be a $(2m+2k+2)$-connected graph and let $a_1,\ldots , a_m, s, t$ be any distinct vertices of $G$, there are $k$ internally disjoint $s$-$t$ paths $P_1,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-02-21 Yuzhen Qi , Jin Yan

A graph $ G $ is called $ t $-tough if $ \left|S\right|\geq t\cdot w\left(G-S\right)$ for every cutset $ S $ of $G$. Chv\'atal conjectured that there exists a constant $ t_{0} $ such that every $ t_{0} $-tough graph has a hamiltonian cycle.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-04 Hui Ma , Lili Hao , Weihua Yang

We show that for $ \eta>0 $ and sufficiently large $ n $, every 5-graph on $ n $ vertices with $\delta_{2}(H)\ge (91/216+\eta)\binom{n}{3}$ contains a Hamilton 2-cycle. This minimum 2-degree condition is asymptotically best possible.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-03-11 Jie Han , Lin Sun , Guanghui Wang

The toughness of a noncomplete graph $G$ is the maximum real number $t$ such that the ratio of $|S|$ to the number of components of $G-S$ is at least $t$ for every cutset $S$ of $G$, and the toughness of a complete graph is defined to be…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-07-20 Yuping Gao , Songling Shan

We say that a k-uniform hypergraph C is an l-cycle if there exists a cyclic ordering of the vertices of C such that every edge of C consists of k consecutive vertices and such that every pair of consecutive edges (in the natural ordering of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-08-15 Daniela Kühn , Richard Mycroft , Deryk Osthus

We say that two graphs $H_1,H_2$ on the same vertex set are $G$-creating ($G$-different in other papers, this difference is explained in the introduction) if the union of the two graphs contains $G$ as a subgraph. Let $H(n,k)$ be the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-01-03 Daniel Soltész

A balanced bipartite graph $G$ is said to be $2p$-Hamilton-biconnected if for any balanced subset $W$ of size $2p$ of $V(G)$, the subgraph induced by $V(G)\backslash W$ is Hamilton-biconnected. In this paper, we prove that "Let $p\geq0$ and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-08-02 Ming-Zhu Chen , Xiao-Dong Zhang

It is shown that a hamiltonian $n/2$-regular bipartite graph $G$ of order $2n>8$ contains a cycle of length $2n-2$. Moreover, if such a cycle can be chosen to omit a pair of adjacent vertices, then $G$ is bipancyclic.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-12-02 Janusz Adamus

For a connected graph, a path containing all vertices is known as \emph{Hamiltonian path}. For general graphs, there is no known necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of Hamiltonian paths and the complexity of finding a…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2016-07-21 P. Renjith , N. Sadagopan

A supergrid graph is a finite vertex-induced subgraph of the infinite graph whose vertex set consists of all points of the plane with integer coordinates and in which two vertices are adjacent if the difference of their x or y coordinates…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2019-08-21 Ruo-Wei Hung , Fatemeh Keshavarz-Kohjerdi

In this note we prove: {\it Let $D$ be a 2-strong digraph of order $n$ such that its $n-1$ vertices have degrees at least $n+k$ and the remaining vertex $z$ has degree at least $n-k-4$, where $k$ is a positive integer. If $D$ contains a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-08-07 Samvel Kh. Darbinyan

In 1973, Chv\'atal conjectured that there exists a constant $t_0$ such that every $t_0$-tough graph on at least three vertices is Hamiltonian. This conjecture has inspired extensive research and has been verified for several special classes…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-22 Songling Shan

Motivated by a relaxed notion of the celebrated Hamiltonian cycle, this paper investigates its variant, parity Hamiltonian cycle (PHC): A PHC of a graph is a closed walk which visits every vertex an odd number of times, where we remark that…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-07-11 Hiroshi Nishiyama , Yusuke Kobayashi , Yukiko Yamauchi , Shuji Kijima , Masafumi Yamashita

The path eccentricity of a connected graph $G$ is the minimum integer $k$ such that $G$ has a path such that every vertex is at distance at most $k$ from the path. A result of Duffus, Jacobson, and Gould from 1981 states that every…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-21 Sylwia Cichacz , Claire Hilaire , Tomáš Masařík , Jana Masaříková , Martin Milanič

Let $G$ be a simple graph of order $n$ and let $k$ be an integer such that $1\leq k\leq n-1$. The $k$-token graph $G^{\{k\}}$ of $G$ is the graph whose vertices are the $k$-subsets of $V(G)$, where two vertices are adjacent in $G^{\{k\}}$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-06-18 Luis Enrique Adame , Luis Manuel Rivera , Ana Laura Trujillo-Negrete

For any undirected and simple graph G = (V;E), where V denotes the vertex set and E the edge set of G. G is called hamiltonian if it contains a cycle that visits each vertex of G exactly once. Ore (1960) proved that G is hamiltonian if…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-05-15 Hsiu-Chunj Pan , Hsun Su , Shin-Shin Kao

We establish a precise characterisation of $4$-uniform hypergraphs with minimum codegree close to $n/2$ which contain a Hamilton $2$-cycle. As an immediate corollary we identify the exact Dirac threshold for Hamilton $2$-cycles in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-04-27 Frederik Garbe , Richard Mycroft
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