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Spectral data reduction pipelines deal with a wide variety of challenges including masking cosmic rays, calibrating wavelength solutions, and estimating background noise while trying to remain model-agnostic. Traditional methods rely on…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-24 Douglas P. Finkbeiner , Joshua S. Speagle , Tanveer Karim

Conformal Prediction (CP) is a distribution-free method for constructing prediction sets with marginal finite-sample coverage guarantees, making it a suitable framework for reliable uncertainty quantification in safety-critical object…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Christopher Ries , Moussa Kassem Sbeyti , Nicolas Bianco , Nadja Klein

Standard conformal prediction methods provide a marginal coverage guarantee, which means that for a random test point, the conformal prediction set contains the true label with a user-specified probability. In many classification problems,…

This article improves on existing methods to estimate the spectral density of stationary and nonstationary time series assuming a Gaussian process prior. By optimising an appropriate eigendecomposition using a smoothing spline covariance…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-06-01 Nick James , Max Menzies

Signal Temporal Logic (STL) inference seeks to extract human-interpretable rules from time-series data, but existing methods lack formal confidence guarantees for the inferred rules. Conformal prediction (CP) is a technique that can provide…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Danyang Li , Yixuan Wang , Matthew Cleaveland , Mingyu Cai , Roberto Tron

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) provide a mesh-free approach for solving differential equations by embedding physical constraints into neural network training. However, PINNs tend to overfit within the training domain, leading to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Jose Marie Antonio Miñoza

We address numerical differentiation under coarse, non-uniform sampling and Gaussian noise. A maximum-likelihood estimator with $L_2$-norm constraint on a higher-order derivative is obtained, yielding spline-based solution. We introduce a…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-31 Konstantin E. Avrachenkov , Leonid B. Freidovich

Conformal prediction constructs a confidence set for an unobserved response of a feature vector based on previous identically distributed and exchangeable observations of responses and features. It has a coverage guarantee at any nominal…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-12-08 Eugene Ndiaye , Ichiro Takeuchi

Prediction of dynamical time series with additive noise using support vector machines or kernel based regression has been proved to be consistent for certain classes of discrete dynamical systems. Consistency implies that these methods are…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-06-21 Raymundo Navarrete , Divakar Viswanath

Methods for split conformal prediction leverage calibration samples to transform any prediction rule into a set-prediction rule that complies with a target coverage probability. Existing methods provide remarkably strong performance…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-15 Santiago Mazuelas

Conformal Predictors (CP) are wrappers around ML models, providing error guarantees under weak assumptions on the data distribution. They are suitable for a wide range of problems, from classification and regression to anomaly detection.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-06 Giovanni Cherubin , Konstantinos Chatzikokolakis , Martin Jaggi

We introduce Longitudinal Predictive Conformal Inference (LPCI), a novel distribution-free conformal prediction algorithm for longitudinal data. Current conformal prediction approaches for time series data predominantly focus on the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-05 Devesh Batra , Salvatore Mercuri , Raad Khraishi

Conformal prediction has recently emerged as a promising strategy for quantifying the uncertainty of a predictive model; these algorithms modify the model to output sets of labels that are guaranteed to contain the true label with high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Botong Zhang , Shuo Li , Osbert Bastani

When one observes a sequence of variables $(x_1, y_1), \ldots, (x_n, y_n)$, Conformal Prediction (CP) is a methodology that allows to estimate a confidence set for $y_{n+1}$ given $x_{n+1}$ by merely assuming that the distribution of the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-12-08 Eugene Ndiaye

Conformal prediction provides rigorous distribution-free finite-sample guarantees for marginal coverage under the assumption of exchangeability, but may exhibit systematic undercoverage or overcoverage for specific subpopulations. Assessing…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-24 Zheng Zhou , Xiangfei Zhang , Chongguang Tao , Yuhong Yang

Conformal prediction provides distribution-free prediction sets with guaranteed marginal coverage. However, in split conformal prediction this guarantee is training-conditional only in expectation: across many calibration draws, the average…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Petrus H. Zwart

In large-scale prediction problems, exhaustively following up on all test units is often impractical and inefficient, motivating a selective reporting strategy that fulfills the dual requirements of informativeness and trustworthiness.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-27 Wangcheng Li , Guanlan Zhao , Xu Guo , Wenguang Sun

We introduce a class of Sparse, Physics-based, and partially Interpretable Neural Networks (SPINN) for solving ordinary and partial differential equations (PDEs). By reinterpreting a traditional meshless representation of solutions of PDEs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-13 Amuthan A. Ramabathiran , Prabhu Ramachandran

Despite significant advancements in time series forecasting, accurate modeling of time series with strong heterogeneity in magnitude and/or sparsity patterns remains challenging for state-of-the-art deep learning architectures. We identify…

Uncertainty quantification is an important prerequisite for the deployment of deep learning models in safety-critical areas. Yet, this hinges on the uncertainty estimates being useful to the extent the prediction intervals are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Dharmesh Tailor , Alvaro H. C. Correia , Eric Nalisnick , Christos Louizos