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Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across a wide range of natural language tasks, and recent efforts have sought to extend their capabilities to multimodal domains and resource-constrained environments. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Yun-Da Tsai

We present a framework for building interactive, real-time, natural language-instructable robots in the real world, and we open source related assets (dataset, environment, benchmark, and policies). Trained with behavioral cloning on a…

Designing robotic agents to perform open vocabulary tasks has been the long-standing goal in robotics and AI. Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved impressive results in creating robotic agents for performing open vocabulary…

Humanoid robot loco-manipulation remains constrained by the semantic-physical gap. Current methods face three limitations: Low sample efficiency in reinforcement learning, poor generalization in imitation learning, and physical…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Yutong Shen , Hangxu Liu , Kailin Pei , Ruizhe Xia , Tongtong Feng

To interact effectively with humans in the real world, it is important for agents to understand language that describes the dynamics of the environment--that is, how the environment behaves--rather than just task instructions specifying…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Anh Nguyen , Stefan Lee

Training AI models in cybersecurity with help of vast datasets offers significant opportunities to mimic real-world behaviors effectively. However, challenges like data drift and scarcity of labelled data lead to frequent updates of models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Saurabh Anand , Shubham Malaviya , Manish Shukla , Sachin Lodha

Recent advances in deep reinforcement learning have showcased its potential in tackling complex tasks. However, experiments on visual control tasks have revealed that state-of-the-art reinforcement learning models struggle with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Rudra P. K. Poudel , Harit Pandya , Chao Zhang , Roberto Cipolla

The inherent probabilistic nature of Large Language Models (LLMs) introduces an element of unpredictability, raising concerns about potential discrepancies in their output. This paper introduces an innovative approach aims to generate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Md Sadman Sakib , Yu Sun

We present Large Language Model for Mixed Reality (LLMR), a framework for the real-time creation and modification of interactive Mixed Reality experiences using LLMs. LLMR leverages novel strategies to tackle difficult cases where ideal…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Fernanda De La Torre , Cathy Mengying Fang , Han Huang , Andrzej Banburski-Fahey , Judith Amores Fernandez , Jaron Lanier

Large Language Models offer new opportunities to devise automated implementation generation methods that can tackle problem solving activities beyond traditional methods, which require algorithmic specifications and can use only static…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-06 Hashmath Shaik , Alex Doboli

Robots often fail at everyday tasks because instructions skip commonsense details like hidden preconditions and small subgoals. Traditional symbolic planners need these details to be written explicitly, which is time consuming and often…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Ohad Bachner , Bar Gamliel

We introduce Language Feedback Models (LFMs) that identify desirable behaviour - actions that help achieve tasks specified in the instruction - for imitation learning in instruction following. To train LFMs, we obtain feedback from Large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Victor Zhong , Dipendra Misra , Xingdi Yuan , Marc-Alexandre Côté

Humanoid robots with behavioral autonomy have consistently been regarded as ideal collaborators in our daily lives and promising representations of embodied intelligence. Compared to fixed-based robotic arms, humanoid robots offer a larger…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Jin Wang , Nikos Tsagarakis

Meta-reinforcement learning algorithms can enable robots to acquire new skills much more quickly, by leveraging prior experience to learn how to learn. However, much of the current research on meta-reinforcement learning focuses on task…

Language models (LMs) are sentence-completion engines trained on massive corpora. LMs have emerged as a significant breakthrough in natural-language processing, providing capabilities that go far beyond sentence completion including…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Robert E. Wray , III , James R. Kirk , John E. Laird

Language model (LM) pre-training is useful in many language processing tasks. But can pre-trained LMs be further leveraged for more general machine learning problems? We propose an approach for using LMs to scaffold learning and…

Language-conditioned robot behavior plays a vital role in executing complex tasks by associating human commands or instructions with perception and actions. The ability to compose long-horizon tasks based on unconstrained language…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Zhaoxun Ju , Chao Yang , Hongbo Wang , Yu Qiao , Fuchun Sun

Standard meta-learning for representation learning aims to find a common representation to be shared across multiple tasks. The effectiveness of these methods is often limited when the nuances of the tasks' distribution cannot be captured…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Giulia Denevi , Massimiliano Pontil , Carlo Ciliberto

We demonstrate experimental results with LLMs that address robotics task planning problems. Recently, LLMs have been applied in robotics task planning, particularly using a code generation approach that converts complex high-level…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Yusuke Mikami , Andrew Melnik , Jun Miura , Ville Hautamäki

Agentic reinforcement learning increasingly relies on experience-driven scaling, yet real-world environments remain non-adaptive, limited in coverage, and difficult to scale. World models offer a potential way to improve learning efficiency…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Yixia Li , Hongru Wang , Jiahao Qiu , Zhenfei Yin , Dongdong Zhang , Cheng Qian , Zeping Li , Pony Ma , Guanhua Chen , Heng Ji