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An \emph{interval $t$-coloring} of a multigraph $G$ is a proper edge coloring with colors $1,\dots,t$ such that the colors on the edges incident to every vertex of $G$ are colored by consecutive colors. A \emph{cyclic interval $t$-coloring}…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-11-22 Carl Johan Casselgren , Hrant H. Khachatrian , Petros A. Petrosyan

A dominating set of a graph G(V, E) is a set of vertices D\subseteq V such that every vertex in V\D has a neighbor in D. An eternal dominating set extends this concept by placing mobile guards on the vertices of D. In response to an…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Ashutosh Rai , Soumyashree Rana

Lee, Mart\'inez-Pedroza and Rodr\'iguez-Quinche define two new group invariants, the strong cop number $\operatorname{sCop}$ and the weak cop number $\operatorname{wCop}$, by examining winning strategies for certain combinatorial games…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-02-10 Raphael Appenzeller , Kevin Klinge

A span of a given graph $G$ is the maximum distance that two players can keep at all times while visiting all vertices (edges) of $G$ and moving according to certain rules, that produce different variants of span. We prove that the vertex…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-03-31 Tanja Dravec , Mirjana Mikalački , Andrej Taranenko

We consider a patrolling game on a graph recently introduced by Alpern et al. (2011) where the Patroller wins if he is at the attacked node while the attack is taking place. This paper studies the periodic patrolling game in the case that…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-05-31 Steve Alpern , Thomas Lidbetter , Katerina Papadaki

We consider a variation of Cops and Robber, introduced in [D. Cox and A. Sanaei, The damage number of a graph, [Aust. J. of Comb. 75(1) (2019) 1-16] where vertices visited by a robber are considered damaged and a single cop aims to minimize…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-19 Melissa A. Huggan , Margaret-Ellen Messinger , Amanda Porter

In the classic game of Cops and Robbers, a team of cops pursues a robber through a graph. The traditional model of Cops and Robbers operates under the assumption that the cops know the robber's location at all times. Recently, however,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-08 John Jones , William B. Kinnersley

Coloring a graph $G$ consists in finding an assignment of colors $c: V(G)\to\{1,\ldots,p\}$ such that any pair of adjacent vertices receives different colors. The minimum integer $p$ such that a coloring exists is called the chromatic…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2019-12-25 Théo Pierron

A path separator of a graph $G$ is a set of paths $\mathcal{P}=\{P_1,\ldots,P_t\}$ such that for every pair of edges $e,f\in E(G)$, there exist paths $P_e,P_f\in\mathcal{P}$ such that $e\in E(P_e)$, $f\not\in E(P_e)$, $e\not\in E(P_f)$ and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-06-03 József Balogh , Béla Csaba , Ryan R. Martin , András Pluhár

The \emph{distance-number} of a graph $G$ is the minimum number of distinct edge-lengths over all straight-line drawings of $G$ in the plane. This definition generalises many well-known concepts in combinatorial geometry. We consider the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-09-09 Paz Carmi , Vida Dujmović , Pat Morin , David R. Wood

A set $D \subseteq V$ for the graph $G=(V, E)$ is called a dominating set if any vertex $v\in V\setminus D$ has at least one neighbor in $D$. Fomin et al.[9] gave an algorithm for enumerating all minimal dominating sets with $n$ vertices in…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-06-08 M. Alambardar Meybodi , M. R. Hooshmandasl , P. Sharifani , A. Shakiba

The edge-distinguishing chromatic number (EDCN) of a graph $G$ is the minimum positive integer $k$ such that there exists a vertex coloring $c:V(G)\to\{1,2,\dotsc,k\}$ whose induced edge labels $\{c(u),c(v)\}$ are distinct for all edges…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-11-03 Grant Fickes , Wing Hong Tony Wong

We consider a variant of Cops and Robbers in which the robber may traverse as many edges as he likes in each turn, with the constraint that he cannot pass through any vertex occupied by a cop. We study this model on several classes of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-05-17 William B. Kinnersley , Nikolas Townsend

Let $G$ be a graph and $f:V(G)\rightarrow \mathbb{N}$ be a function. An $f$-coloring of a graph $G$ is an edge coloring such that each color appears at each vertex $v\in V(G)$ at most $f (v)$ times. The minimum number of colors needed to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-01-20 S. Akbari , M. Chavooshi , M. Ghanbari , R. Manaviyat

We consider a game in which a cop searches for a moving robber on a graph using distance probes, studied by Carragher, Choi, Delcourt, Erickson and West, which is a slight variation on one introduced by Seager. Carragher, Choi, Delcourt,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-08-12 John Haslegrave , Richard A. B. Johnson , Sebastian Koch

Let $G$ be an edge-colored connected graph. A path $P$ in $G$ is called a distance $\ell$-proper path if no two edges of the same color appear with fewer than $\ell$ edges in between on $P$. The graph $G$ is called $(k,\ell)$-proper…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-06-22 Xueliang Li , Colton Magnant , Meiqin Wei , Xiaoyu Zhu

Cops and Robbers is a pursuit-evasion game played on graphs, of which many variants have been developed and studied. We introduce a variant of this game, "Sneaky-Active Cops and Robbers", where all cops and robber must move on their turn,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-16 Tien Chih , Laura Scull

Let $\mathbb{N}$ be the set of positive integers. A radio labeling of a graph $G$ is a mapping $\varphi : V(G) \rightarrow \mathbb{N} \cup \{0\}$ such that the inequality $|\varphi(u)-\varphi(v)| \geq diam(G) + 1 - d(u,v)$ holds for every…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-12-29 Devsi Bantva

In many variants of the game of Cops and Robbers on graphs, multiple cops play against a single robber. In 2019, Cox and Sanaei introduced a variant of the game that gives the robber a more active role than simply evading the cop. In their…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-05-17 Joshua Carlson , Meghan Halloran , Carolyn Reinhart

We study the computational complexity of determining structural properties of edge periodic temporal graphs (EPGs). EPGs are time-varying graphs that compactly represent periodic behavior of components of a dynamic network, for example,…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2022-03-16 Emmanuel Arrighi , Niels Grüttemeier , Nils Morawietz , Frank Sommer , Petra Wolf