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Despite increasing instances of machine translation (MT) systems including contextual information, the evidence for translation quality improvement is sparse, especially for discourse phenomena. Popular metrics like BLEU are not expressive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-01 Prathyusha Jwalapuram , Barbara Rychalska , Shafiq Joty , Dominika Basaj

Despite significant improvements in enhancing the quality of translation, context-aware machine translation (MT) models underperform in many cases. One of the main reasons is that they fail to utilize the correct features from context when…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Huy Hien Vu , Hidetaka Kamigaito , Taro Watanabe

We hypothesize that existing sentence-level machine translation (MT) metrics become less effective when the human reference contains ambiguities. To verify this hypothesis, we present a very simple method for extending pretrained metrics to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-29 Giorgos Vernikos , Brian Thompson , Prashant Mathur , Marcello Federico

With the internet's evolution, consumers increasingly rely on online reviews for service or product choices, necessitating that businesses analyze extensive customer feedback to enhance their offerings. While machine learning-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Yejian Zhang , Shingo Takada

Large language models (LLMs) are demonstrably capable of cross-lingual transfer, but can produce inconsistent output when prompted with the same queries written in different languages. To understand how language models are able to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Zheng Wei Lim , Alham Fikri Aji , Trevor Cohn

Automatic metrics play a crucial role in machine translation. Despite the widespread use of n-gram-based metrics, there has been a recent surge in the development of pre-trained model-based metrics that focus on measuring sentence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Yiming Yan , Tao Wang , Chengqi Zhao , Shujian Huang , Jiajun Chen , Mingxuan Wang

This paper explores Minimum Bayes Risk (MBR) decoding for self-improvement in machine translation (MT), particularly for domain adaptation and low-resource languages. We implement the self-improvement process by fine-tuning the model on its…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Kamil Guttmann , Mikołaj Pokrywka , Adrian Charkiewicz , Artur Nowakowski

Cross-lingual Machine Translation (MT) quality estimation plays a crucial role in evaluating translation performance. GEMBA, the first MT quality assessment metric based on Large Language Models (LLMs), employs one-step prompting to achieve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Hao Yang , Min Zhang , Shimin Tao , Minghan Wang , Daimeng Wei , Yanfei Jiang

Recent machine translation (MT) metrics calibrate their effectiveness by correlating with human judgement but without any insights about their behaviour across different error types. Challenge sets are used to probe specific dimensions of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Nikita Moghe , Arnisa Fazla , Chantal Amrhein , Tom Kocmi , Mark Steedman , Alexandra Birch , Rico Sennrich , Liane Guillou

Evaluating translation models is a trade-off between effort and detail. On the one end of the spectrum there are automatic count-based methods such as BLEU, on the other end linguistic evaluations by humans, which arguably are more…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-03-29 Robert Schwarzenberg , David Harbecke , Vivien Macketanz , Eleftherios Avramidis , Sebastian Möller

This paper introduces a novel framework that leverages large language models (LLMs) for machine translation (MT). We start with one conjecture: an ideal translation should contain complete and accurate information for a strong enough LLM to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Jianqiao Wangni

Word-level Quality Estimation (QE) of Machine Translation (MT) aims to find out potential translation errors in the translated sentence without reference. Typically, conventional works on word-level QE are designed to predict the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-14 Zhen Yang , Fandong Meng , Yuanmeng Yan , Jie Zhou

Leveraging large language models (LLMs) for various natural language processing tasks has led to superlative claims about their performance. For the evaluation of machine translation (MT), existing research shows that LLMs are able to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Shenbin Qian , Archchana Sindhujan , Minnie Kabra , Diptesh Kanojia , Constantin Orăsan , Tharindu Ranasinghe , Frédéric Blain

Annually, at the Conference of Machine Translation (WMT), the Metrics Shared Task organizers conduct the meta-evaluation of Machine Translation (MT) metrics, ranking them according to their correlation with human judgments. Their results…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Stefano Perrella , Lorenzo Proietti , Alessandro Scirè , Edoardo Barba , Roberto Navigli

Existing large language models (LLMs) for machine translation are typically fine-tuned on sentence-level translation instructions and achieve satisfactory performance at the sentence level. However, when applied to document-level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Yachao Li , Junhui Li , Jing Jiang , Min Zhang

Sentence representations can capture a wide range of information that cannot be captured by local features based on character or word N-grams. This paper examines the usefulness of universal sentence representations for evaluating the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-22 Hiroki Shimanaka , Tomoyuki Kajiwara , Mamoru Komachi

Large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced various natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Recent research indicates that moderately-sized LLMs often outperform larger ones after task-specific fine-tuning. This study focuses…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Minghao Wu , Thuy-Trang Vu , Lizhen Qu , George Foster , Gholamreza Haffari

The remarkable understanding and generation capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have greatly improved translation performance. However, incorrect understanding of the sentence to be translated can degrade translation quality. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Andong Chen , Kehai Chen , Yang Xiang , Xuefeng Bai , Muyun Yang , Yang Feng , Tiejun Zhao , Min zhang

Neural machine translation systems estimate probabilities of target sentences given source sentences, yet these estimates may not align with human preferences. This work introduces QE-fusion, a method that synthesizes translations using a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Giorgos Vernikos , Andrei Popescu-Belis

Language models (LMs) increasingly drive real-world applications that require world knowledge. However, the internal processes through which models turn data into representations of knowledge and beliefs about the world, are poorly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Daniela Gottesman , Alon Gilae-Dotan , Ido Cohen , Yoav Gur-Arieh , Marius Mosbach , Ori Yoran , Mor Geva
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