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Large language models (LLMs) often appear to excel on public benchmarks, but these high scores may mask an overreliance on dataset-specific surface cues rather than true language understanding. We introduce the Chameleon Benchmark Overfit…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Nurit Cohen-Inger , Yehonatan Elisha , Bracha Shapira , Lior Rokach , Seffi Cohen

This paper investigates the development and evaluation of machine translation models from Cantonese to English, where we propose a novel approach to tackle low-resource language translations. The main objectives of the study are to develop…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Kung Yin Hong , Lifeng Han , Riza Batista-Navarro , Goran Nenadic

Large language models have demonstrated the capability to perform on machine translation when the input is prompted with a few examples (in-context learning). Translation quality depends on various features of the selected examples, such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Aswanth Kumar , Ratish Puduppully , Raj Dabre , Anoop Kunchukuttan

Evaluating the quality of machine-generated natural language content is a challenging task in Natural Language Processing (NLP). Recently, large language models (LLMs) like GPT-4 have been employed for this purpose, but they are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Daniil Larionov , Steffen Eger

Context-aware neural machine translation (NMT) is a promising direction to improve the translation quality by making use of the additional context, e.g., document-level translation, or having meta-information. Although there exist various…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Jingjing Huo , Christian Herold , Yingbo Gao , Leonard Dahlmann , Shahram Khadivi , Hermann Ney

A major impediment to the transition to context-aware machine translation is the absence of good evaluation metrics and test sets. Sentences that require context to be translated correctly are rare in test sets, reducing the utility of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Rachel Wicks , Matt Post

The majority of research in computational psycholinguistics has concentrated on the processing of words. This study introduces innovative methods for computing sentence-level metrics using multilingual large language models. The metrics…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Kun Sun , Rong Wang

Confidence estimation aims to quantify the confidence of the model prediction, providing an expectation of success. A well-calibrated confidence estimate enables accurate failure prediction and proper risk measurement when given noisy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-23 Yu Lu , Jiali Zeng , Jiajun Zhang , Shuangzhi Wu , Mu Li

Quality Estimation (QE) models for Neural Machine Translation (NMT) predict the quality of the hypothesis without having access to the reference. An emerging research direction in NMT involves the use of QE models, which have demonstrated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Sai Koneru , Matthias Huck , Miriam Exel , Jan Niehues

Neural Machine Translation (NMT) models have shown remarkable performance but remain largely opaque in their decision making processes. The interpretability of these models, especially their internal attention mechanisms, is critical for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Anurag Mishra

We introduce a new, extensive multidimensional quality metrics (MQM) annotated dataset covering 11 language pairs in the biomedical domain. We use this dataset to investigate whether machine translation (MT) metrics which are fine-tuned on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Vilém Zouhar , Shuoyang Ding , Anna Currey , Tatyana Badeka , Jenyuan Wang , Brian Thompson

We present a framework for machine translation evaluation using neural networks in a pairwise setting, where the goal is to select the better translation from a pair of hypotheses, given the reference translation. In this framework,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-10-06 Francisco Guzmán , Shafiq R. Joty , Lluís Màrquez , Preslav Nakov

Automatic evaluation for open-ended natural language generation tasks remains a challenge. Existing metrics such as BLEU show a low correlation with human judgment. We propose a novel and powerful learning-based evaluation metric:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-20 Jing Gu , Qingyang Wu , Zhou Yu

Although neural machine translation(NMT) yields promising translation performance, it unfortunately suffers from over- and under-translation is- sues [Tu et al., 2016], of which studies have become research hotspots in NMT. At present,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-07-25 Jing Yang , Biao Zhang , Yue Qin , Xiangwen Zhang , Qian Lin , Jinsong Su

A confidence measure is able to estimate the reliability of an hypothesis provided by a machine translation system. The problem of confidence measure can be seen as a process of testing : we want to decide whether the most probable sequence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2009-02-09 Sylvain Raybaud , Caroline Lavecchia , David Langlois , Kamel Smaïli

Machine Translation (MT) evaluation metrics assess translation quality automatically. Recently, researchers have employed MT metrics for various new use cases, such as data filtering and translation re-ranking. However, most MT metrics…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Stefano Perrella , Lorenzo Proietti , Pere-Lluís Huguet Cabot , Edoardo Barba , Roberto Navigli

The training paradigm for machine translation has gradually shifted, from learning neural machine translation (NMT) models with extensive parallel corpora to instruction finetuning on multilingual large language models (LLMs) with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Pengzhi Gao , Zhongjun He , Hua Wu , Haifeng Wang

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit outstanding performance in machine translation via in-context learning. In contrast to sentence-level translation, document-level translation (DOCMT) by LLMs based on in-context learning faces two major…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Menglong Cui , Jiangcun Du , Shaolin Zhu , Deyi Xiong

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated excellent performance on Machine Translation Quality Estimation (MTQE), yet their high inference costs make them impractical for direct application. In this work, we propose applying LLMs to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Sidi Wang , Sophie Arnoult , Amir Kamran

This paper assesses the ability of large language models (LLMs) to translate texts that include inter-sentential dependencies. We use the English-French DiscEvalMT benchmark (Bawden et al., 2018) with pairs of sentences containing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Shabnam Ataee , Hugo Huart , Andrei Popescu-Belis
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