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We introduce CRPE (Code Reasoning Process Enhancer), an innovative three-stage framework for data synthesis and model training that advances the development of sophisticated code reasoning capabilities in large language models (LLMs).…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Ningxin Gui , Qianghuai Jia , Feijun Jiang , Yuling Jiao , dechun wang , Jerry Zhijian Yang

Transformers often struggle to generalize to longer sequences than those seen during training, a limitation known as length extrapolation. Most existing Relative Positional Encoding (RPE) methods attempt to address this by introducing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Ali Veisi , Hamidreza Amirzadeh , Amir Mansourian

We introduce compression laws for language language models (LLMs). While recent scaling laws have sought to understand how LLMs scale with respect to model size, pre-training data, and computational resources, we focus on understanding how…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Ayan Sengupta , Siddhant Chaudhary , Tanmoy Chakraborty

There are several improvements proposed over the baseline Absolute Positional Encoding (APE) method used in original transformer. In this study, we aim to investigate the implications of inadequately representing positional encoding in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Arpit Aggarwal

Relative positional embeddings (RPE) have received considerable attention since RPEs effectively model the relative distance among tokens and enable length extrapolation. We propose KERPLE, a framework that generalizes relative position…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Ta-Chung Chi , Ting-Han Fan , Peter J. Ramadge , Alexander I. Rudnicky

Automatic relationship extraction (RE) from biomedical literature is critical for managing the vast amount of scientific knowledge produced each year. In recent years, utilizing pre-trained language models (PLMs) has become the prevalent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Mario Sänger , Ulf Leser

Transformer-based Large Language Models (LLMs) rely on positional encodings to provide sequence position information to their attention mechanism. Rotary Positional Encodings (RoPE), which encode relative position by rotating queries and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-25 André Jonasson

Reinforcement learning (RL) for large language models is an energy-intensive endeavor: training can be unstable, and the policy may gradually drift away from its pretrained weights. We present \emph{RLEP}\, -- \,Reinforcement Learning with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Hongzhi Zhang , Jia Fu , Jingyuan Zhang , Kai Fu , Qi Wang , Fuzheng Zhang , Guorui Zhou

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly operate in settings that require reliable long-context understanding, such as retrieval-augmented generation and multi-document reasoning. A common strategy is to fine-tune pretrained short-context…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Zichong Li , Chen Liang , Liliang Ren , Tuo Zhao , Yelong Shen , Weizhu Chen

Large language models (LLMs) have recently garnered significant interest. With in-context learning, LLMs achieve impressive results in various natural language tasks. However, the application of LLMs to sentence embeddings remains an area…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Ting Jiang , Shaohan Huang , Zhongzhi Luan , Deqing Wang , Fuzhen Zhuang

Conventional predictive modeling of parametric relationships in manufacturing processes is limited by the subjectivity of human expertise and intuition on the one hand and by the cost and time of experimental data generation on the other…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Kiarash Naghavi Khanghah , Anandkumar Patel , Rajiv Malhotra , Hongyi Xu

Large language models (LLMs) call for extension of context to handle many critical applications. However, the existing approaches are prone to expensive costs and inferior quality of context extension. In this work, we propose Extensible…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Ninglu Shao , Shitao Xiao , Zheng Liu , Peitian Zhang

Grammatical error correction is a significant task in NLP. Traditional methods based on encoder-decoder models have achieved certain success, but the application of LLMs in this field is still underexplored. Current research predominantly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Yilin Li , Xunjian Yin , Yilin Chen , Xiaojun Wan

Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) typically have a limited context window, resulting in significant performance degradation when processing text beyond the length of the context window. Extensive studies have been proposed to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Zican Dong , Junyi Li , Xin Men , Wayne Xin Zhao , Bingbing Wang , Zhen Tian , Weipeng Chen , Ji-Rong Wen

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are frequently updated, LoRA weights trained on earlier versions quickly become obsolete. The conventional practice of retraining LoRA weights from scratch on the latest model is costly, time-consuming, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Yanan Li , Fanxu Meng , Muhan Zhang , Shiai Zhu , Shangguang Wang , Mengwei Xu

This paper derives "scaling laws"--empirical relationships between the training compute of Large Language Models (LLMs) and their performance--for economic outcomes. In a preregistered online experiment, 300 professional translators…

General Economics · Economics 2024-12-10 Ali Merali

Recent research has highlighted the importance of dataset size in scaling language models. However, large language models (LLMs) are notoriously token-hungry during pre-training, and high-quality text data on the web is approaching its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Fuzhao Xue , Yao Fu , Wangchunshu Zhou , Zangwei Zheng , Yang You

The ability to process ultra-long contexts is crucial for large language models (LLMs) to perform long-horizon tasks. While recent efforts have extended context windows to 1M and beyond, model performance degrades when sequence length…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Simin Huo

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in natural language processing tasks, with Reinforcement Learning (RL) playing a key role in adapting them to specific applications. In mathematical problem solving, however, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Rihui Xin , Han Liu , Zecheng Wang , Yupeng Zhang , Dianbo Sui , Xiaolin Hu , Bingning Wang

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) represents a notable breakthrough in Natural Language Processing (NLP), contributing to substantial progress in both text comprehension and generation. However, amidst these advancements, it is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Saurav Pawar , S. M Towhidul Islam Tonmoy , S M Mehedi Zaman , Vinija Jain , Aman Chadha , Amitava Das