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Empathetic response generation is increasingly significant in AI, necessitating nuanced emotional and cognitive understanding coupled with articulate response expression. Current large language models (LLMs) excel in response expression;…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Zhou Yang , Zhaochun Ren , Wang Yufeng , Shizhong Peng , Haizhou Sun , Xiaofei Zhu , Xiangwen Liao

Accessibility efforts for d/Deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) learners in video-based learning have mainly focused on captions and interpreters, with limited attention to learners' emotional awareness--an important yet challenging skill for…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Si Chen , Jason Situ , Haocong Cheng , Suzy Su , Desiree Kirst , Lu Ming , Qi Wang , Lawrence Angrave , Yun Huang

The high request for autonomous and flexible HRI implies the necessity of deploying Machine Learning (ML) mechanisms in the robot control. Indeed, the use of ML techniques, such as Reinforcement Learning (RL), makes the robot behaviour,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-05-13 Marco Matarese , Silvia Rossi , Alessandra Sciutti , Francesco Rea

Empathetic response generation, aiming to understand the user's situation and feelings and respond empathically, is crucial in building human-like dialogue systems. Traditional approaches typically employ maximum likelihood estimation as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Hui Ma , Bo Zhang , Bo Xu , Jian Wang , Hongfei Lin , Xiao Sun

Generative AI systems are increasingly capable of expressing emotions via text and imagery. Effective emotional expression will likely play a major role in the efficacy of AI systems -- particularly those designed to support human mental…

The increase in available computing power and the Deep Learning revolution have allowed the exploration of new topics and frontiers in Artificial Intelligence research. A new field called Embodied Artificial Intelligence, which places at…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Roberto Bigazzi

Machine learning, artificial intelligence and especially deep learning based approaches are often used to simplify or eliminate the burden of programming industrial robots. Using these approaches robots inherently learn a skill instead of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-04-22 Sanaz Behbahani , Siddharth Chhatpar , Said Zahrai , Vishakh Duggal , Mohak Sukhwani

Measuring empathy in conversation can be challenging, as empathy is a complex and multifaceted psychological construct that involves both cognitive and emotional components. Human evaluations can be subjective, leading to inconsistent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Bushra Amjad , Muhammad Zeeshan , Mirza Omer Beg

Empathy is a critical factor in fostering positive user experiences in conversational AI. While models can display empathy, it is often generic rather than tailored to specific tasks and contexts. In this work, we introduce a novel…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Erfan Shayegani , Jina Suh , Andy Wilson , Nagu Rangan , Javier Hernandez

Rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) systems amplify many concerns in society. These AI algorithms inherit different biases from humans due to mysterious operational flow and because of that it is becoming adverse in usage. As…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Artem Domnich , Gholamreza Anbarjafari

One challenge for dialogue agents is recognizing feelings in the conversation partner and replying accordingly, a key communicative skill. While it is straightforward for humans to recognize and acknowledge others' feelings in a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-30 Hannah Rashkin , Eric Michael Smith , Margaret Li , Y-Lan Boureau

Emotion prediction is the field of study to understand human emotions. Existing methods focus on modalities like text, audio, facial expressions, etc., which could be private to the user. Emotion can be derived from the subject's…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-25 Dhruv Limbani , Daketi Yatin , Nitish Chaturvedi , Vaishnavi Moorthy , Pushpalatha M , Harichandana BSS , Sumit Kumar

Understanding and predicting human behavior has emerged as a core capability in various AI application domains such as autonomous driving, smart healthcare, surveillance systems, and social robotics. This paper defines the technical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Kanghyun Jo , Jehwan Choi , Kwanho Kim , Seongmin Kim , Duy-Linh Nguyen , Xuan-Thuy Vo , Adri Priadana , Tien-Dat Tran

Automatic human affect recognition is a key step towards more natural human-computer interaction. Recent trends include recognition in the wild using a fusion of audiovisual and physiological sensors, a challenging setting for conventional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-11 Philipp V. Rouast , Marc T. P. Adam , Raymond Chiong

Conversational agents (CAs) are revolutionizing human-computer interaction by evolving from text-based chatbots to empathetic digital humans (DHs) capable of rich emotional expressions. This paper explores the integration of neural and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Nastaran Saffaryazdi , Tamil Selvan Gunasekaran , Kate Laveys , Elizabeth Broadbent , Mark Billinghurst

Social Robotics and Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) research relies on different Affective Computing (AC) solutions for sensing, perceiving and understanding human affective behaviour during interactions. This may include utilising…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Hatice Gunes , Nikhil Churamani

Robots have great potential to facilitate future therapies for children on the autism spectrum. However, existing robots lack the ability to automatically perceive and respond to human affect, which is necessary for establishing and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-04-23 Ognjen Rudovic , Jaeryoung Lee , Miles Dai , Bjorn Schuller , Rosalind Picard

Empathy is central to human connection, yet people often struggle to express it effectively. In blinded evaluations, large language models (LLMs) generate responses that are often judged more empathic than human-written ones. Yet when a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Aakriti Kumar , Nalin Poungpeth , Diyi Yang , Bruce Lambert , Matthew Groh

Empathy involves understanding other people's situation, perspective, and feelings. In clinical interactions, it helps clinicians establish rapport with a patient and support patient-centered care and decision making. Understanding…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-03 Zhuohao Chen , James Gibson , Ming-Chang Chiu , Qiaohong Hu , Tara K Knight , Daniella Meeker , James A Tulsky , Kathryn I Pollak , Shrikanth Narayanan

Emotions are the intrinsic or extrinsic representations of our experiences. The importance of emotions during a human-human interaction is immense as it formulates the basis of our interaction framework. There are several approaches in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Sarwar Hussain Paplu , Chinmaya Mishra , Karsten Berns