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In a recent article by Chapuy and Perarnau, it was shown that a uniformly chosen automaton on $n$ states with a $2$-letter alphabet has a synchronizing word of length $O(\sqrt{n}\log n)$ with high probability. In this note, we improve this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-07-26 Anders Martinsson

In a jumping finite automaton, the input head can jump to an arbitrary position within the remaining input after reading and consuming a symbol. We characterize the corresponding class of languages in terms of special shuffle expressions…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2015-12-03 Henning Fernau , Meenakshi Paramasivan , Markus L. Schmid , Vojtěch Vorel

We examine the reset threshold of randomly generated deterministic automata. We present a simple proof that an automaton with a random mapping and two random permutation letters has a reset threshold of $\mathcal{O}\big( \sqrt{n \log^3 n}…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-12-05 Balázs Gerencsér , Zsombor Várkonyi

We construct a hierarchy of regular languages such that the current language in the hierarchy can be accepted by 1-way quantum finite automata with a probability smaller than the corresponding probability for the preceding language in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Andris Ambainis , Richard Bonner , Rusins Freivalds , Arnolds Kikusts

An improved translation from alternating parity automata on infinite words to alternating weak automata is given. The blow-up of the number of states is related to the size of the smallest universal ordered trees and hence it is…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2020-01-15 Laure Daviaud , Marcin Jurdziński , Karoliina Lehtinen

A Wheeler automaton is a finite state automaton whose states admit a total Wheeler order, reflecting the co-lexicographic order of the strings labeling source-to-node paths. A Wheeler language is a regular language admitting an accepting…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Ruben Becker , Davide Cenzato , Sung-Hwan Kim , Bojana Kodric , Alberto Policriti , Nicola Prezza

We introduce a guessing game, permutation Wordle, in which a guesser attempts to recover a hidden permutation in $S_n$. In each round, the guesser guesses a permutation (using information from previous rounds) and is told which entries of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-27 Samuel A. Kutin , Lawren M. Smithline

We extend the L* algorithm to learn bimonoids recognising pomset languages. We then identify a class of pomset automata that accepts precisely the class of pomset languages recognised by bimonoids and show how to convert between bimonoids…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-02-03 Gerco van Heerdt , Tobias Kappé , Jurriaan Rot , Alexandra Silva

The synthesis of string transformation programs from input-output examples utilizes various techniques, all based on an inductive bias that comprises a restricted set of basic operators to be combined. A new algorithm, Transduce, is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Francis Frydman , Philippe Mangion

A turn in a computation of a pushdown automaton is a switch from a phase in which the height of the pushdown store increases to a phase in which it decreases. Given a pushdown or one-counter automaton, we consider, for each string in its…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Giovanni Pighizzini

We determine the asymptotic proportion of minimal automata, within n-state accessible deterministic complete automata over a k-letter alphabet, with the uniform distribution over the possible transition structures, and a binomial…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2011-09-27 Frederique Bassino , Julien David , Andrea Sportiello

We consider the problem of determining the maximum number of moves required to sort a permutation of $[n]$ using cut-and-paste operations, in which a segment is cut out and then pasted into the remaining string, possibly reversed. We give…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-10-12 Daniel Cranston , I. Hal Sudborough , Douglas B. West

We investigate the shuffle operation on regular languages represented by complete deterministic finite automata. We prove that $f(m,n)=2^{mn-1} + 2^{(m-1)(n-1)}(2^{m-1}-1)(2^{n-1}-1)$ is an upper bound on the state complexity of the shuffle…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-07-18 Janusz Brzozowski , Galina Jirásková , Bo Liu , Aayush Rajasekaran , Marek Szykuła

There are few known universality classes of absorbing phase transitions in one dimension and most models fall in the well-known directed percolation (DP) class. Synchronization is a transition to an absorbing state and this transition is…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-11-25 Divya D. Joshi , Prashant M. Gade

A featured transition system is a transition system in which the transitions are annotated with feature expressions: Boolean expressions on a finite number of given features. Depending on its feature expression, each individual transition…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2017-02-28 Uli Fahrenberg , Axel Legay

Recently, the development of neural machine translation (NMT) has significantly improved the translation quality of automatic machine translation. While most sentences are more accurate and fluent than translations by statistical machine…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-10-18 Jan Niehues , Eunah Cho , Thanh-Le Ha , Alex Waibel

We consider finite deterministic automata such that their alphabets consist of exactly one letter of defect 1 and a set of permutations of the state set. We study under which conditions such an automaton is completely reachable. We focus…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-01 David Fernando Casas Torres

Probabilistic cellular automata describe the dynamics of classical spin models, which, for sufficiently small temperature $T$, can serve as classical memory capable of storing information even in the presence of nonzero external magnetic…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-09-30 Annie Ray , Raymond Laflamme , Aleksander Kubica

We consider the computational power of silent transitions in one-way automata with storage. Specifically, we ask which storage mechanisms admit a transformation of a given automaton into one that accepts the same language and reads at least…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2013-02-18 Georg Zetzsche

A transition from asymmetric to symmetric patterns in time-dependent extended systems is described. It is found that one dimensional cellular automata, started from fully random initial conditions, can be forced to evolve into complex…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2007-05-23 J. R. Sanchez , R. Lopez-Ruiz