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Binary code similarity detection is a core task in reverse engineering. It supports malware analysis and vulnerability discovery by identifying semantically similar code in different contexts. Modern methods have progressed from manually…
Hardware trojans are malicious circuits which compromise the functionality and security of an integrated circuit (IC). These circuits are manufactured directly into the silicon and cannot be fixed by security patches like software. The…
In today's age of digital technology, ethical concerns regarding computing systems are increasing. While the focus of such concerns currently is on requirements for software, this article spotlights the hardware domain, specifically…
Hybrid systems with both discrete and continuous dynamics are an important model for real-world cyber-physical systems. The key challenge is to ensure their correct functioning w.r.t. safety requirements. Promising techniques to ensure…
Verification and validation (V&V) of autonomous vehicles (AVs) typically requires exhaustive testing across a variety of operating environments and driving scenarios including rare, extreme, or hazardous situations that might be difficult…
Functional verification constitutes one of the most challenging tasks in the development of modern hardware systems, and simulation-based verification techniques dominate the functional verification landscape. A dominant paradigm in…
Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) represents a paradigm shift in cryptography, enabling computation directly on encrypted data and unlocking privacy-critical computation. Despite being increasingly deployed in real platforms, the…
Binary code similarity comparison is a methodology for identifying similar or identical code fragments in binary programs. It is indispensable in fields of software engineering and security, which has many important applications (e.g.,…
SAFE is a clean-slate design for a highly secure computer system, with pervasive mechanisms for tracking and limiting information flows. At the lowest level, the SAFE hardware supports fine-grained programmable tags, with efficient and…
Learning-based approaches for controlling safety-critical systems are rapidly growing in popularity; thus, it is important to assure their performance and safety. Hamilton-Jacobi (HJ) reachability analysis is a popular formal verification…
An engineering design process may involve software modules that can executed concurrently. Concurrent modules can be very easily subject to some synchronization errors. This paper discusses verification process for such engineering…
Formal verification of complex algorithms is challenging. Verifying their implementations goes beyond the state of the art of current automatic verification tools and usually involves intricate mathematical theorems. Certifying algorithms…
The goals of reducing energy costs, shifting electricity peaks, increasing the use of renewable energy, and enhancing the stability of the electric grid can be met in part by fully exploiting the energy flexibility potential of buildings…
Verification is a key bottleneck in improving inference speed while maintaining distribution fidelity in Speculative Decoding. Recent work has shown that sequence-level verification leads to a higher number of accepted tokens compared to…
Synthetic verification techniques such as generating test cases and reward modelling are common ways to enhance the coding capabilities of large language models (LLM) beyond predefined tests. Additionally, code verification has recently…
Manual identification of visual bugs in video games is a resource-intensive and costly process, often demanding specialized domain knowledge. While supervised visual bug detection models offer a promising solution, their reliance on…
The rapid growth of hardware vulnerabilities has created an urgent need for systematic and scalable analysis methods. Unlike software flaws, which are often patchable post-deployment, hardware weaknesses remain embedded across product…
Affine systems reachability is the basis of many verification methods. With further computation, methods exist to reason about richer models with inputs, nonlinear differential equations, and hybrid dynamics. As such, the scalability of…
Ever-increasing design complexity of System-on-Chips (SoCs) led to significant verification challenges. Unlike software, bugs in hardware design are vigorous and eternal i.e., once the hardware is fabricated, it cannot be repaired with any…
Current static verification techniques support a wide range of programs. However, such techniques only support complete and detailed specifications, which places an undue burden on users. To solve this problem, prior work proposed gradual…