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Currently, many verification algorithms are available to improve the reliability of software systems. Selecting the appropriate verification algorithm typically demands domain expertise and non-trivial manpower. An automated algorithm…

Large language models (LLMs) can generate plausible code but offer limited guarantees of correctness. Formally verifying that implementations satisfy specifications requires constructing machine-checkable proofs, a task that remains beyond…

In this paper, we present a domain specific process to assist the verification of observer-based fault detection software. Observer-based fault detection systems, like control systems, yield invariant properties of quadratic types. These…

Modern cloud computing systems distribute software executables over a network to keep the software sources, which are typically compiled in a security-critical cluster, secret. We develop ERIC, a new, efficient, and general software…

Performing smart computations in a context of cloud computing and big data is highly appreciated today. Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) is a smart category of encryption schemes that allows working with the data in its encrypted form. It…

Software-hardware co-design solutions for decimal computation can provide several Pareto points to development of embedded systems in terms of hardware cost and performance. This paper demonstrates how to accurately evaluate such co-design…

Existing attestation mechanisms lack scalability and support for heterogeneous virtual execution environments (VEEs), such as virtual machines and containers executed inside or outside hardware isolation on different vendors' hardware in…

Scenario-based testing using simulations is a cornerstone of Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) software validation. So far, developers needed to choose between low-fidelity 2D simulators to explore the scenario space efficiently, and high-fidelity…

With the promise of reliability in cloud, more enterprises are migrating to cloud. The process of continuous integration/deployment (CICD) in cloud connects developers who need to deliver value faster and more transparently with site…

Software-exploitable Hardware Trojans (HTs) enable attackers to execute unauthorized software or gain illicit access to privileged operations. This manuscript introduces a hardware-based methodology for detecting runtime HT activations…

With the richness of present-day hardware architectures, tightening the synergy between hardware and software has attracted a great attention. The interest in unified approaches paved the way for newborn frameworks that target hardware and…

The hubness problem widely exists in high-dimensional embedding space and is a fundamental source of error for cross-modal matching tasks. In this work, we study the emergence of hubs in Visual Semantic Embeddings (VSE) with application to…

Formal verification provides the highest assurance of software correctness and security, but its application to large-scale, evolving systems remains a major challenge. While large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in automating…

Cyber-physical systems (CPS) such as autonomous cars, aircraft, and robots are often also safety-critical; thus it is imperative that they operate as intended with a high degree of certainty. Formal verification has been employed to verify…

High-Level Synthesis (HLS) is emerging as a mainstream design methodology, allowing software designers to enjoy the benefits of a hardware implementation. Significant work has led to effective compilers that produce high-quality hardware…

Hashing retrieval is a pivotal technology for large-scale similarity search, widely applied in retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) for large language models (LLMs), massive image repositories, and bioinformatics sequence matching. However,…

For all the successes in verifying low-level, efficient, security-critical code, little has been said or studied about the structure, architecture and engineering of such large-scale proof developments. We present the design, implementation…

VeriFast is a leading tool for the modular formal verification of correctness properties of single-threaded and multi-threaded C and Rust programs. It verifies a program by symbolically executing each function in isolation, exploiting…

Malware authors are continuously evolving their code base to include counter-analysis methods that can significantly hinder their detection and blocking. While the execution of malware in a sandboxed environment may provide a lot of…

Debugging hardware designs requires significant manual effort during hardware development. After engineers identify a bug-triggering test case in simulation-based hardware verification, they usually spend considerable time analyzing the…