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We show that a collection of Gaussian mixture models (GMMs) in $R^{n}$ can be optimally classified using $O(n)$ neurons in a neural network with two hidden layers (deep neural network), whereas in contrast, a neural network with a single…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-18 Shirin Jalali , Carl Nuzman , Iraj Saniee

We give a computationally-efficient PAC active learning algorithm for $d$-dimensional homogeneous halfspaces that can tolerate Massart noise (Massart and N\'ed\'elec, 2006) and Tsybakov noise (Tsybakov, 2004). Specialized to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-12 Chicheng Zhang , Yinan Li

We consider the basic problem of learning Single-Index Models with respect to the square loss under the Gaussian distribution in the presence of adversarial label noise. Our main contribution is the first computationally efficient algorithm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Puqian Wang , Nikos Zarifis , Ilias Diakonikolas , Jelena Diakonikolas

In this paper, we consider regression problems with one-hidden-layer neural networks (1NNs). We distill some properties of activation functions that lead to $\mathit{local~strong~convexity}$ in the neighborhood of the ground-truth…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-06-13 Kai Zhong , Zhao Song , Prateek Jain , Peter L. Bartlett , Inderjit S. Dhillon

We study {\em online} active learning of homogeneous halfspaces in $\mathbb{R}^d$ with adversarial noise where the overall probability of a noisy label is constrained to be at most $\nu$. Our main contribution is a Perceptron-like online…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-24 Jie Shen

This paper establishes the (nearly) optimal approximation error characterization of deep rectified linear unit (ReLU) networks for smooth functions in terms of both width and depth simultaneously. To that end, we first prove that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Jianfeng Lu , Zuowei Shen , Haizhao Yang , Shijun Zhang

Whereas recovery of the manifold from data is a well-studied topic, approximation rates for functions defined on manifolds are less known. In this work, we study a regression problem with inputs on a $d^*$-dimensional manifold that is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-08-05 Johannes Schmidt-Hieber

Deep neural network with rectified linear units (ReLU) is getting more and more popular recently. However, the derivatives of the function represented by a ReLU network are not continuous, which limit the usage of ReLU network to situations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-03 Bo Li , Shanshan Tang , Haijun Yu

We consider the problem of PAC-learning from distributed data and analyze fundamental communication complexity questions involved. We provide general upper and lower bounds on the amount of communication needed to learn well, showing that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-05-28 Maria-Florina Balcan , Avrim Blum , Shai Fine , Yishay Mansour

The foundations of deep learning are supported by the seemingly opposing perspectives of approximation or learning theory. The former advocates for large/expressive models that need not generalize, while the latter considers classes that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Ruiyang Hong , Anastasis Kratsios

This paper investigates learning-augmented algorithms for smooth integer programs, covering canonical problems such as MAX-CUT and MAX-k-SAT. We introduce a framework that incorporates a predictive oracle to construct a linear surrogate of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Hao-Yuan He , Ming Li

In this paper, we consider the problem of replicable realizable PAC learning. We construct a particularly hard learning problem and show a sample complexity lower bound with a close to $(\log|H|)^{3/2}$ dependence on the size of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Kasper Green Larsen , Markus Engelund Mathiasen , Chirag Pabbaraju , Clement Svendsen

Given data drawn from a mixture of multivariate Gaussians, a basic problem is to accurately estimate the mixture parameters. We give an algorithm for this problem that has a running time, and data requirement polynomial in the dimension and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2010-04-27 Ankur Moitra , Gregory Valiant

We study the problem of learning a low-degree spherical polynomial of degree $\ell_0 = \Theta(1) \ge 1$ defined on the unit sphere in $\RR^d$ by training an over-parameterized two-layer neural network (NN) with channel attention in this…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-28 Yingzhen Yang

Deep ReLU Networks can be decomposed into a collection of linear models, each defined in a region of a partition of the input space. This paper provides three results extending this theory. First, we extend this linear decompositions to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Mattia Jacopo Villani , Peter McBurney

Linear temporal logic (LTL) and omega-regular objectives -- a superset of LTL -- have seen recent use as a way to express non-Markovian objectives in reinforcement learning. We introduce a model-based probably approximately correct (PAC)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Mateo Perez , Fabio Somenzi , Ashutosh Trivedi

We consider the problem of learning a discrete distribution in the presence of an $\epsilon$ fraction of malicious data sources. Specifically, we consider the setting where there is some underlying distribution, $p$, and each data source…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-23 Mingda Qiao , Gregory Valiant

We propose an active learning method for discovering low-dimensional structure in high-dimensional Gaussian process (GP) tasks. Such problems are increasingly frequent and important, but have hitherto presented severe practical…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-10-28 Roman Garnett , Michael A. Osborne , Philipp Hennig

Polynomial regression is a basic primitive in learning and statistics. In its most basic form the goal is to fit a degree $d$ polynomial to a response variable $y$ in terms of an $n$-dimensional input vector $x$. This is extremely…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-04-30 Sitan Chen , Raghu Meka

Deep artificial neural networks achieve surprising generalization abilities that remain poorly understood. In this paper, we present a new approach to analyzing generalization for deep feed-forward ReLU networks that takes advantage of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Ramchandran Muthukumar , Jeremias Sulam