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Sparsity-aware generalization theory for deep neural networks

Machine Learning 2023-07-06 v2 Artificial Intelligence

Abstract

Deep artificial neural networks achieve surprising generalization abilities that remain poorly understood. In this paper, we present a new approach to analyzing generalization for deep feed-forward ReLU networks that takes advantage of the degree of sparsity that is achieved in the hidden layer activations. By developing a framework that accounts for this reduced effective model size for each input sample, we are able to show fundamental trade-offs between sparsity and generalization. Importantly, our results make no strong assumptions about the degree of sparsity achieved by the model, and it improves over recent norm-based approaches. We illustrate our results numerically, demonstrating non-vacuous bounds when coupled with data-dependent priors in specific settings, even in over-parametrized models.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2307.00426,
  title  = {Sparsity-aware generalization theory for deep neural networks},
  author = {Ramchandran Muthukumar and Jeremias Sulam},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2307.00426},
  year   = {2023}
}
R2 v1 2026-06-28T11:19:51.457Z