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Conversational AI, such as ChatGPT, is increasingly used for information seeking. However, little is known about how ordinary users actually prompt and how ChatGPT adapts its responses in real-world conversational information seeking (CIS).…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Haoning Xue , Yoo Jung Oh , Xinyi Zhou , Xinyu Zhang , Berit Oxley

The rise of increasingly more powerful chatbots offers a new way to collect information through conversational surveys, where a chatbot asks open-ended questions, interprets a user's free-text responses, and probes answers whenever needed.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-03-24 Ziang Xiao , Michelle X. Zhou , Q. Vera Liao , Gloria Mark , Changyan Chi , Wenxi Chen , Huahai Yang

Toxic and antisocial user behavior on social media platforms has received considerable scholarly attention due to its detrimental effects on society. This study takes a holistic perspective on the phenomenon of online toxicity by…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Lorenzo Alvisi , Victoria Popa , Guglielmo Cola , Serena Tardelli , Maurizio Tesconi

Neural dialogue models have been widely adopted in various chatbot applications because of their good performance in simulating and generalizing human conversations. However, there exists a dark side of these models -- due to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-30 Haochen Liu , Tyler Derr , Zitao Liu , Jiliang Tang

Language Models (LMs) often cannot be deployed because of their potential to harm users in hard-to-predict ways. Prior work identifies harmful behaviors before deployment by using human annotators to hand-write test cases. However, human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Ethan Perez , Saffron Huang , Francis Song , Trevor Cai , Roman Ring , John Aslanides , Amelia Glaese , Nat McAleese , Geoffrey Irving

In this paper, we present ChatPLUG, a Chinese open-domain dialogue system for digital human applications that instruction finetunes on a wide range of dialogue tasks in a unified internet-augmented format. Different from other open-domain…

In an era of AI's growing capabilities and influences, recent advancements are reshaping HCI and CSCW's view of AI. Playful interactions emerged as an important way for users to make sense of the ever-changing AI technologies, yet remained…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Mohammad Ronagh Nikghalb , Jinghui Cheng

The rapid development of the Internet has profoundly changed human life. Humans are increasingly expressing themselves and interacting with others on social media platforms. However, although artificial intelligence technology has been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Haochen Xue , Chong Zhang , Chengzhi Liu , Fangyu Wu , Xiaobo Jin

In this paper, we propose a Chinese multi-turn topic-driven conversation dataset, NaturalConv, which allows the participants to chat anything they want as long as any element from the topic is mentioned and the topic shift is smooth. Our…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Xiaoyang Wang , Chen Li , Jianqiao Zhao , Dong Yu

ChatGPT is an AI language model developed by OpenAI that can understand and generate human-like text. It can be used for a variety of use cases such as language generation, question answering, text summarization, chatbot development,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-10-09 Ishika Joshi , Ritvik Budhiraja , Harshal Dev , Jahnvi Kadia , M. Osama Ataullah , Sayan Mitra , Dhruv Kumar , Harshal D. Akolekar

AI chatbots are an emerging security attack vector, vulnerable to threats such as prompt injection, and rogue chatbot creation. When deployed in domains such as corporate security policy, they could be weaponized to deliver guidance that…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Brandon Lit , Edward Crowder , Daniel Vogel , Hassan Khan

Large-Language Models like GPT-3 have the potential to enable HCI designers and researchers to create more human-like and helpful chatbots for specific applications. But evaluating the feasibility of these chatbots and designing prompts…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-09-26 Harsh Kumar , Ilya Musabirov , Jiakai Shi , Adele Lauzon , Kwan Kiu Choy , Ofek Gross , Dana Kulzhabayeva , Joseph Jay Williams

We administer a Turing Test to AI Chatbots. We examine how Chatbots behave in a suite of classic behavioral games that are designed to elicit characteristics such as trust, fairness, risk-aversion, cooperation, \textit{etc.}, as well as how…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Qiaozhu Mei , Yutong Xie , Walter Yuan , Matthew O. Jackson

While large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities across a wide range of tasks, they pose potential safety concerns, such as the ``jailbreak'' problem, wherein malicious instructions can manipulate LLMs to exhibit…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Yue Deng , Wenxuan Zhang , Sinno Jialin Pan , Lidong Bing

Synthetic data has proven itself to be a valuable resource for tuning smaller, cost-effective language models to handle the complexities of multi-turn tool calling conversations. While many frameworks and systems for producing synthetic…

Developing specialized dialogue systems for mental health support requires multi-turn conversation data, which has recently garnered increasing attention. However, gathering and releasing large-scale, real-life multi-turn conversations that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Huachuan Qiu , Hongliang He , Shuai Zhang , Anqi Li , Zhenzhong Lan

In this paper, we describe a data enhancement method for developing Emily, an emotion-affective open-domain chatbot. The proposed method is based on explicitly modeling positively transitioned (PT) sentiment data from multi-turn dialogues.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-11 Weixuan Wang , Wei Peng , Chong Hsuan Huang , Haoran Wang

Chatbots, taking advantage of the success of the messaging apps and recent advances in Artificial Intelligence, have become very popular, from helping business to improve customer services to chatting to users for the sake of conversation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-02-21 Ana Paula Appel , Paulo Rodrigo Cavalin , Marisa Affonso Vasconcelos , Claudio Santos Pinhanez

Large language model (LLM)-powered chatbots are increasingly used for opinion exploration. Prior research examined how LLMs alter user views, yet little work extended beyond one-way influence to address how user input can affect LLM…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Yuyang Jiang , Longjie Guo , Yuchen Wu , Aylin Caliskan , Tanu Mitra , Hua Shen

The widespread presence of hateful languages on social media has resulted in adverse effects on societal well-being. As a result, addressing this issue with high priority has become very important. Hate speech or offensive languages exist…