English
Related papers

Related papers: BeaverTails: Towards Improved Safety Alignment of …

200 papers

The integration of large language models (LLMs) into cyber security applications presents both opportunities and critical safety risks. We introduce CyberLLMInstruct, a dataset of 54,928 pseudo-malicious instruction-response pairs spanning…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Adel ElZemity , Budi Arief , Shujun Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used in healthcare, yet ensuring their safety and trustworthiness remains a barrier to deployment. Conversational medical assistants must avoid unsafe compliance without over-refusing benign…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Huy Nghiem , Swetasudha Panda , Devashish Khatwani , Huy V. Nguyen , Krishnaram Kenthapadi , Hal Daumé

With the growing prevalence of large language models (LLMs), the safety of LLMs has raised significant concerns. However, there is still a lack of definitive standards for evaluating their safety due to the subjective nature of current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Chuxue Cao , Han Zhu , Jiaming Ji , Qichao Sun , Zhenghao Zhu , Yinyu Wu , Juntao Dai , Yaodong Yang , Sirui Han , Yike Guo

The growing use of large language models (LLMs) has raised concerns regarding their safety. While many studies have focused on English, the safety of LLMs in Arabic, with its linguistic and cultural complexities, remains under-explored.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Yasser Ashraf , Yuxia Wang , Bin Gu , Preslav Nakov , Timothy Baldwin

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) on human preferences, typically through reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF), has proven successful in enhancing their capabilities. However, ensuring the safety of LLMs during…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Wenxuan Zhang , Philip H. S. Torr , Mohamed Elhoseiny , Adel Bibi

As Large Language Models (LLMs) and generative AI become more widespread, the content safety risks associated with their use also increase. We find a notable deficiency in high-quality content safety datasets and benchmarks that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Shaona Ghosh , Prasoon Varshney , Erick Galinkin , Christopher Parisien

The rapid development of large language models (LLMs) has not only provided numerous opportunities but also presented significant challenges. This becomes particularly evident when LLMs inadvertently generate harmful or toxic content,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Kai Chen , Chunwei Wang , Kuo Yang , Jianhua Han , Lanqing Hong , Fei Mi , Hang Xu , Zhengying Liu , Wenyong Huang , Zhenguo Li , Dit-Yan Yeung , Lifeng Shang , Xin Jiang , Qun Liu

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in complex reasoning and text generation. However, these models can inadvertently generate unsafe or biased responses when prompted with problematic inputs, raising…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Avinash Amballa , Durga Sandeep Saluru , Gayathri Akkinapalli , Abhishek Sureddy , Akshay Kumar Sureddy

To mitigate the risk of harmful outputs from large vision models (LVMs), we introduce the SafeSora dataset to promote research on aligning text-to-video generation with human values. This dataset encompasses human preferences in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Josef Dai , Tianle Chen , Xuyao Wang , Ziran Yang , Taiye Chen , Jiaming Ji , Yaodong Yang

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in safety-critical applications, robust content moderation becomes essential. We present a comprehensive evaluation of 14 open-source safety guard models on a curated benchmark of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Reetu Raj Harsh , Bhaskarjit Sarmah , Stefano Pasquali

As large language models (LLMs) become easily accessible nowadays, the trade-off between safety and helpfulness can significantly impact user experience. A model that prioritizes safety will cause users to feel less engaged and assisted…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Yi-Lin Tuan , Xilun Chen , Eric Michael Smith , Louis Martin , Soumya Batra , Asli Celikyilmaz , William Yang Wang , Daniel M. Bikel

The trustworthiness of Large Language Models (LLMs) refers to the extent to which their outputs are reliable, safe, and ethically aligned, and it has become a crucial consideration alongside their cognitive performance. In practice,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Aaron J. Li , Satyapriya Krishna , Himabindu Lakkaraju

Larger language models (LLMs) have taken the world by storm with their massive multi-tasking capabilities simply by optimizing over a next-word prediction objective. With the emergence of their properties and encoded knowledge, the risk of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Rishabh Bhardwaj , Soujanya Poria

Large Language Models (LLMs) have exploded a new heatwave of AI for their ability to engage end-users in human-level conversations with detailed and articulate answers across many knowledge domains. In response to their fast adoption in…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used across various domains, from software development to cyber threat intelligence. Understanding all the different fields of cybersecurity, which includes topics such as cryptography, reverse…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Norbert Tihanyi , Mohamed Amine Ferrag , Ridhi Jain , Tamas Bisztray , Merouane Debbah

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across various industries due to their exceptional generative capabilities. However, for safe and effective real-world deployments, ensuring honesty and helpfulness is critical.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Chujie Gao , Siyuan Wu , Yue Huang , Dongping Chen , Qihui Zhang , Zhengyan Fu , Yao Wan , Lichao Sun , Xiangliang Zhang

The development of Large Language Models (LLMs) often confronts challenges stemming from the heavy reliance on human annotators in the reinforcement learning with human feedback (RLHF) framework, or the frequent and costly external queries…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Shangding Gu , Alois Knoll , Ming Jin

Language models have shown promise in various tasks but can be affected by undesired data during training, fine-tuning, or alignment. For example, if some unsafe conversations are wrongly annotated as safe ones, the model fine-tuned on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Zhaowei Zhu , Jialu Wang , Hao Cheng , Yang Liu

Various AI safety datasets have been developed to measure LLMs against evolving interpretations of harm. Our evaluation of five recently published open-source safety benchmarks reveals distinct semantic clusters using UMAP dimensionality…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Jonathan Bennion , Shaona Ghosh , Mantek Singh , Nouha Dziri

Existing open-source helpfulness preference datasets do not specify what makes some responses more helpful and others less so. Models trained on these datasets can incidentally learn to model dataset artifacts (e.g. preferring longer but…