English
Related papers

Related papers: Biomedical Language Models are Robust to Sub-optim…

200 papers

Pretraining massively multilingual Large Language Models (LLMs) for many languages at once is challenging due to limited model capacity, scarce high-quality data, and compute constraints. Moreover, the lack of language coverage of the…

Biomedical Named Entity Recognition (NER) is a fundamental task of Biomedical Natural Language Processing for extracting relevant information from biomedical texts, such as clinical records, scientific publications, and electronic health…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Fahime Shahrokh , Nasser Ghadiri , Rasoul Samani , Milad Moradi

Language models (LMs) capabilities have grown with a fast pace over the past decade leading researchers in various disciplines, such as biomedical research, to increasingly explore the utility of LMs in their day-to-day applications. Domain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Aman Sinha , Bogdan-Valentin Popescu , Xavier Coubez , Marianne Clausel , Mathieu Constant

One of the challenges with finetuning pretrained language models (PLMs) is that their tokenizer is optimized for the language(s) it was pretrained on, but brittle when it comes to previously unseen variations in the data. This can for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-21 Verena Blaschke , Hinrich Schütze , Barbara Plank

The recent success of Large Language Models (LLMs) has been predominantly driven by curating the training dataset composition, scaling of model architectures and dataset sizes and advancements in pretraining objectives, leaving tokenizer…

This paper investigates the problem of Named Entity Recognition (NER) for extreme low-resource languages with only a few hundred tagged data samples. NER is a fundamental task in Natural Language Processing (NLP). A critical driver…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Shashank Sonkar , Zichao Wang , Richard G. Baraniuk

Motivation: Biomedical named-entity normalization involves connecting biomedical entities with distinct database identifiers in order to facilitate data integration across various fields of biology. Existing systems for biomedical named…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Zainab Awan , Tim Kahlke , Peter Ralph , Paul Kennedy

The effectiveness of Neural Machine Translation (NMT) models largely depends on the vocabulary used at training; small vocabularies can lead to out-of-vocabulary problems -- large ones, to memory issues. Subword (SW) tokenization has been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-02 J. Pourmostafa Roshan Sharami , D. Shterionov , P. Spronck

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have become widely used in medical applications, such as clinical decision support, medical education, and medical question answering. Yet, these models are often English-centric, limiting their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Chaimae Abouzahir , Congbo Ma , Nizar Habash , Farah E. Shamout

This paper aims to benchmark recent progress in language understanding models that output contextualised representations at the character level. Many such modelling architectures and methods to train those architectures have been proposed,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Kris Cao

The goal of personalized medicine is to discover a treatment regimen that optimizes a patient's clinical outcome based on their personal genetic and environmental factors. However, candidate treatments cannot be arbitrarily administered to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Michael S. Yao , Osbert Bastani , Alma Andersson , Tommaso Biancalani , Aïcha Bentaieb , Claudia Iriondo

Tokenisation is a core part of language models (LMs). It involves splitting a character sequence into subwords which are assigned arbitrary indices before being served to the LM. While typically lossless, however, this process may lead to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Anton Schäfer , Thomas Hofmann , Imanol Schlag , Tiago Pimentel

In recent years, pre-trained language models (PLMs) achieve the best performance on a wide range of natural language processing (NLP) tasks. While the first models were trained on general domain data, specialized ones have emerged to more…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-08 Yanis Labrak , Adrien Bazoge , Richard Dufour , Mickael Rouvier , Emmanuel Morin , Béatrice Daille , Pierre-Antoine Gourraud

The growth rate in the amount of biomedical documents is staggering. Unlocking information trapped in these documents can enable researchers and practitioners to operate confidently in the information world. Biomedical NER, the task of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-24 Xiang Dai

Disease name recognition and normalization, which is generally called biomedical entity linking, is a fundamental process in biomedical text mining. Recently, neural joint learning of both tasks has been proposed to utilize the mutual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-22 Shogo Ujiie , Hayate Iso , Shuntaro Yada , Shoko Wakamiya , Eiji Aramaki

Deep neural-network-based language models (LMs) are increasingly applied to large-scale protein sequence data to predict protein function. However, being largely black-box models and thus challenging to interpret, current protein LM…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-08-06 Mai Ha Vu , Rahmad Akbar , Philippe A. Robert , Bartlomiej Swiatczak , Victor Greiff , Geir Kjetil Sandve , Dag Trygve Truslew Haug

The recent development of Large Language Models (LLMs) has been accompanied by an effervescence of novel ideas and methods to better optimize the loss of deep learning models. Claims from those methods are myriad: from faster convergence to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Andrei Semenov , Matteo Pagliardini , Martin Jaggi

Recent advances in generative AI have been largely driven by large language models (LLMs), deep neural networks that operate over discrete units called tokens. To represent text, the vast majority of LLMs use words or word fragments as the…

Recent advancements in language models (LMs) have led to the emergence of powerful models such as Small LMs (e.g., T5) and Large LMs (e.g., GPT-4). These models have demonstrated exceptional capabilities across a wide range of tasks, such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Mingchen Li , Rui Zhang

Background and Objective: Biomedical Named Entity Recognition (BioNER) is a foundational task in medical informatics, crucial for downstream applications like drug discovery and clinical trial matching. However, adapting general-domain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Jian Chen , Leilei Su , Cong Sun