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As leading examples of large language models, ChatGPT and Gemini claim to provide accurate and unbiased information, emphasizing their commitment to political neutrality and avoidance of personal bias. This research investigates the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Dogus Yuksel , Mehmet Cem Catalbas , Bora Oc

Large language model (LLM)-based agents are increasingly applied to complex strategic environments that demand long-horizon reasoning, multi-agent interaction, and decision-making under uncertainty. However, common existing benchmarks…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Wenjie Tang , Yuan Zhou , Erqiang Xu , Keyan Cheng , Minne Li , Liquan Xiao

Language is a ubiquitous tool that is foundational to reasoning and collaboration, ranging from everyday interactions to sophisticated problem-solving tasks. The establishment of a common language can serve as a powerful asset in ensuring…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Dom Huh , Prasant Mohapatra

Language models like OpenAI's Generative Pre-Trained Transformers (GPT-2/3) capture the long-term correlations needed to generate text in a variety of domains (such as language translators) and recently in gameplay (chess, Go, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Samantha E. Miller Noever , David Noever

End-to-end neural approaches are becoming increasingly common in conversational scenarios due to their promising performances when provided with sufficient amount of data. In this paper, we present a novel methodology to address the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-17 Sourabh Majumdar , Serra Sinem Tekiroglu , Marco Guerini

Multi-agents has exhibited significant intelligence in real-word simulations with Large language models (LLMs) due to the capabilities of social cognition and knowledge retrieval. However, existing research on agents equipped with effective…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Yajie Yu , Yue Feng

Despite many recent advancements in language modeling, state-of-the-art language models lack grounding in the real world and struggle with tasks involving complex reasoning. Meanwhile, advances in the symbolic reasoning capabilities of AI…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-19 Andrew Lee , David Wu , Emily Dinan , Mike Lewis

Transformer language models have made tremendous strides in natural language understanding tasks. However, the complexity of natural language makes it challenging to ascertain how accurately these models are tracking the world state…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Shubham Toshniwal , Sam Wiseman , Karen Livescu , Kevin Gimpel

Large language models demonstrate strong problem-solving abilities through reasoning techniques such as chain-of-thought prompting and reflection. However, it remains unclear whether these reasoning capabilities extend to a form of social…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Yuxuan Li , Hirokazu Shirado

In role-playing games a Game Master (GM) is the player in charge of the game, who must design the challenges the players face and narrate the outcomes of their actions. In this work we discuss some challenges to model GMs from an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Santiago Góngora , Luis Chiruzzo , Gonzalo Méndez , Pablo Gervás

Multi-modal large language models are regarded as a crucial step towards Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) and have garnered significant interest with the emergence of ChatGPT. However, current speech-language models typically adopt the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Dong Zhang , Shimin Li , Xin Zhang , Jun Zhan , Pengyu Wang , Yaqian Zhou , Xipeng Qiu

The GPT (Generative Pre-trained Transformer) language models are an artificial intelligence and natural language processing technology that enables automatic text generation. There is a growing interest in applying GPT language models to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Manuel de Buenaga , Francisco Javier Bueno

Wide usage of ChatGPT has highlighted the potential of reinforcement learning from human feedback. However, its training pipeline relies on manual ranking, a resource-intensive process. To reduce labor costs, we propose a self-supervised…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Shuo Yang , Gjergji Kasneci

The advent of large pre-trained generative language models has provided a common framework for AI story generation via sampling the model to create sequences that continue the story. However, sampling alone is insufficient for story…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-17 Amal Alabdulkarim , Winston Li , Lara J. Martin , Mark O. Riedl

Mental health care poses an increasingly serious challenge to modern societies. In this context, there has been a surge in research that utilizes information technologies to address mental health problems, including those aiming to develop…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Michimasa Inaba , Mariko Ukiyo , Keiko Takamizo

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have enabled multi-agent reasoning systems capable of collaborative decision-making. However, in financial analysis, most frameworks remain narrowly focused on either isolated single-agent…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Chen-Che Lu , Yun-Cheng Chou , Teng-Ruei Chen

The ability to combine linguistic guidance from others with direct experience is central to human development, enabling safe and rapid learning in new environments. How do people integrate these two sources of knowledge, and how might AI…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Cédric Colas , Tracey Mills , Ben Prystawski , Michael Henry Tessler , Noah Goodman , Jacob Andreas , Joshua Tenenbaum

We study GPT-3, a recent large language model, using tools from cognitive psychology. More specifically, we assess GPT-3's decision-making, information search, deliberation, and causal reasoning abilities on a battery of canonical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Marcel Binz , Eric Schulz

Document-grounded dialogue (DGD) uses documents as external knowledge for dialogue generation. Correctly understanding the dialogue context is crucial for selecting knowledge from the document and generating proper responses. In this paper,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Longxuan Ma , Jiapeng Li , Mingda Li , Wei-Nan Zhang , Ting Liu

Reasoning is a central capability of human intelligence. In recent years, with the advent of large-scale datasets, pretrained large language models have emerged with new capabilities, including reasoning. However, these models still…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Shu Wang , Lei Ji , Renxi Wang , Wenxiao Zhao , Haokun Liu , Yifan Hou , Ying Nian Wu