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The point spread function (PSF) is fundamental to any type of microscopy, most importantly so for single-molecule localization techniques, where the exact PSF shape is crucial for precise molecule localization at the nanoscale. However,…

Localization microscopy is an imaging technique in which the positions of individual nanoscale point emitters (e.g. fluorescent molecules) are determined at high precision from their images. This is the key ingredient in…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-01 Elias Nehme , Daniel Freedman , Racheli Gordon , Boris Ferdman , Lucien E. Weiss , Onit Alalouf , Reut Orange , Tomer Michaeli , Yoav Shechtman

Nanoscale localization of point emitters is critical to several methods in optical fluorescence microscopy, including single-molecule super-resolution imaging and tracking. While the precision of the localization procedure has been the…

Optics · Physics 2020-07-15 Petar N. Petrov , W. E. Moerner

A long-standing challenge in multiple-particle-tracking is the accurate and precise 3D localization of individual particles at close proximity. One established approach for snapshot 3D imaging is point-spread-function (PSF) engineering, in…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-01 Elias Nehme , Boris Ferdman , Lucien E. Weiss , Tal Naor , Daniel Freedman , Tomer Michaeli , Yoav Shechtman

Interferometric scattering (iSCAT) microscopy is an emerging label-free technique optimized for the sensitive detection of nano-matter. Previous iSCAT studies have approximated the point spread function in iSCAT by a Gaussian intensity…

The key features of the MATPHOT algorithm for precise and accurate stellar photometry and astrometry using discrete Point Spread Functions are described. A discrete Point Spread Function (PSF) is a sampled version of a continuous PSF which…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Kenneth J. Mighell

We introduce a novel framework for upsampled Point Spread Function (PSF) modeling using pixel-level Bayesian inference. Accurate PSF characterization is critical for precision measurements in many fields including: weak lensing, astrometry,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-26 Connor Stone , Ronan Legin , Alexandre Adam , Nikolay Malkin , Gabriel Missael Barco , Laurence Perreaul-Levasseur , Yashar Hezaveh

This Point spread function (PSF) plays a crucial role in many computational imaging applications, such as shape from focus/defocus, depth estimation, and fluorescence microscopy. However, the mathematical model of the defocus process is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Renzhi He , Yan Zhuang , Boya Fu , Fei Liu

Optical microscopy is an essential tool in biology and medicine. Imaging thin, yet non-flat objects in a single shot (without relying on more sophisticated sectioning setups) remains challenging as the shallow depth of field that comes with…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-14 Adrian Shajkofci , Michael Liebling

Point-wise localization of individual fluorophores is a critical step in super-resolution microscopy and single particle tracking. Although the methods are limited by the accuracy in localizing individual flourophores, this point-wise…

Biological Physics · Physics 2017-05-08 Martin Lindén , Vladimir Ćurić , Elias Amselem , Johan Elf

The point spread function (PSF) reflects states of a telescope and plays an important role in development of data processing methods, such as PSF based astrometry, photometry and image restoration. However, for wide field small aperture…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-07-07 Peng Jia , Xuebo Wu , Zhengyang Li , Bo Li , Weihua Wang , Qiang Liu , Adam Popowicz

Fluorescent molecules are versatile nanoscale emitters that enable detailed observations of biophysical processes with nanoscale resolution. Because they are well-approximated as electric dipoles, imaging systems can be designed to…

Optics · Physics 2024-03-26 Tingting Wu , Matthew D. Lew

In single-molecule super-resolution microscopy, engineered point-spread functions (PSFs) are designed to efficiently encode new molecular properties, such as 3D orientation, into complex spatial features captured by a camera. To fully…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-07-16 Hesam Mazidi , Eshan S. King , Oumeng Zhang , Arye Nehorai , Matthew D. Lew

We present the development of a data-driven, AI-based model of the Point Spread Function (PSF) that achieves higher accuracy than the current state-of-the-art approach, "PSF in the Full Field-of-View'' (PIFF). PIFF is widely used in leading…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-18 Dayana Andrea Henao Arbeláez , Pierre-François Léget , Andrés Alejandro Plazas Malagón

Super-resolution mapping of the 3D orientation of fluorophores reveals the alignment of biological structures where the fluorophores are tightly attached, and thus plays a vital role in studying the organization and dynamics of…

Optics · Physics 2024-01-23 Xiaowei Liu , Mingwei Tang , Ning Zhou , Chenlei Pang , Zhong Wen , Xu Liu , Qing Yang

Evanescent light excitation is widely used in super-resolution fluorescence microscopy to confine light and reduce background noise. Herein we propose a method of exploiting evanescent light in the context of emission. When a fluorophore is…

Biological Physics · Physics 2015-09-30 N. Bourg , C. Mayet , G. Dupuis , T. Barroca , P. Bon , S. Lécart , E. Fort , S. Lévêque-Fort

We consider the high-resolution imaging problem of 3D point source image recovery from 2D data using a method based on point spread function (PSF) engineering. The method involves a new technique, recently proposed by S.~Prasad, based on…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-06-13 Chao Wang , Raymond Chan , Mila Nikolova , Robert Plemmons , Sudhakar Prasad

Deblurring is a fundamental inverse problem in bioimaging. It requires modelling the point spread function (PSF), which captures the optical distortions entailed by the image formation process. The PSF limits the spatial resolution…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-03-04 Denis K. Samuylov , Prateek Purwar , Gábor Székely , Grégory Paul

Accurate modelling of the effective point spread function (ePSF) is essential for high-precision photometry and astrometry, particularly in undersampled imaging regimes. In this work, we build on a well-established ePSF modelling framework…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-19 Emma Godden , Katherine M. Blundell

The first step toward doing high-precision astrometry is the measurement of individual stars in individual images, a step that is fraught with dangers when the images are undersampled. The key to avoiding systematic positional error in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-05 Jay Anderson , Ivan R. King
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