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Background: Daily or weekly cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans are commonly used for accurate patient positioning during the image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) process, making it an ideal option for adaptive radiotherapy (ART)…

Reducing the radiation dose in computed tomography (CT) is important to mitigate radiation-induced risks. One option is to employ a well-trained model to compensate for incomplete information and map sparse-view measurements to the CT…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-29 Xiaoyue Li , Kai Shang , Gaoang Wang , Mark D. Butala

This study aims to develop a novel Cycle-guided Denoising Diffusion Probability Model (CG-DDPM) for cross-modality MRI synthesis. The CG-DDPM deploys two DDPMs that condition each other to generate synthetic images from two different MRI…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-02 Shaoyan Pan , Chih-Wei Chang , Junbo Peng , Jiahan Zhang , Richard L. J. Qiu , Tonghe Wang , Justin Roper , Tian Liu , Hui Mao , Xiaofeng Yang

Computed tomography (CT) is essential for treatment and diagnostics; In case CT are missing or otherwise difficult to obtain, methods for generating synthetic CT (sCT) images from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images are sought after.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-29 Emily Honey , Anders Helbo , Jens Petersen

To achieve magnetic resonance (MR)-only radiotherapy, a method needs to be employed to estimate a synthetic CT (sCT) for generating electron density maps and patient positioning reference images. We investigated 2D and 3D convolutional…

Medical Physics · Physics 2019-08-06 Jie Fu , Yingli Yang , Kamal Singhrao , Dan Ruan , Daniel A. Low , John H. Lewis

Diffusion models produce high-quality synthetic data but suffer from slow inference. We propose 3D Variable-Step Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Model (VS-DDPM) a framework engineered to maintain generative quality while accelerating…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Nikoo Moradi , Gijs Luijten , Behrus Hinrichs-Puladi , Jens Kleesiek , Victor Alves , Jan Egger , André Ferreira

Deep learning techniques, particularly convolutional neural networks (CNNs), have gained traction for synthetic computed tomography (sCT) generation from Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and PET. In…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-29 Satoshi Kondo , Satoshi Kasai , Kousuke Hirasawa

The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in biomedical imaging and radiotherapy is hindered by the limited availability of large imaging data repositories. With recent research and improvements in denoising diffusion…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-27 Rowan Bradbury , Katherine A. Vallis , Bartlomiej W. Papiez

The generation of synthetic CT (sCT) images from cone-beam CT (CBCT) data using deep learning methodologies represents a significant advancement in radiation oncology. This systematic review, following PRISMA guidelines and using the PICO…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-27 Alzahra Altalib , Scott McGregor , Chunhui Li , Alessandro Perelli

Providing more precise tissue attenuation information, synthetic computed tomography (sCT) generated from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contributes to improved radiation therapy treatment planning. In our study, we employ the advanced…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-11 Fuxin Fan , Jingna Qiu , Yixing Huang , Andreas Maier

Synthetic CT image generation from MRI scan is necessary to create radiotherapy plans without the need of co-registered MRI and CT scans. The chosen baseline adversarial model with cycle consistency permits unpaired image-to-image…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-16 Denis Prokopenko , Joël Valentin Stadelmann , Heinrich Schulz , Steffen Renisch , Dmitry V. Dylov

MRI provides superior soft tissue contrast without ionizing radiation; however, the absence of electron density information limits its direct use for dose calculation. As a result, current radiotherapy workflows rely on combined MRI and CT…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Zolnamar Dorjsembe , Hung-Yi Chen , Furen Xiao , Hsing-Kuo Pao

Computed tomography (CT) serves as an effective tool for lung cancer screening, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis, providing a rich source of features to quantify temporal and spatial tumor changes. Nonetheless, the diversity of CT…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-10 Md Selim , Jie Zhang , Faraneh Fathi , Michael A. Brooks , Ge Wang , Guoqiang Yu , Jin Chen

Objective: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) provides a low-dose imaging alternative to conventional CT, but suffers from noise, scatter, and artifacts that degrade image quality. Synthetic CT (sCT) aims to translate CBCT to high-quality…

Medical Physics · Physics 2025-09-23 Alzahra Altalib , Chunhui Li , Alessandro Perelli

Sparse-view computed tomography (CT) can be used to reduce radiation dose greatly but is suffers from severe image artifacts. Recently, the deep learning based method for sparse-view CT reconstruction has attracted a major attention.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-21 Wenjun Xia , Wenxiang Cong , Ge Wang

In recent advancements in proton therapy, MR-based treatment planning is gaining momentum to minimize additional radiation exposure compared to traditional CT-based methods. This transition highlights the critical need for accurate MR-to-CT…

Medical Physics · Physics 2024-07-02 Muheng Li , Xia Li , Sairos Safai , Damien Weber , Antony Lomax , Ye Zhang

Low-dose Computed Tomography (LDCT) reconstruction is an important task in medical image analysis. Recent years have seen many deep learning based methods, proved to be effective in this area. However, these methods mostly follow a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-08 Runyi Li

Radiation therapy (RT) requires precise dose delivery over multiple fractions, with CT fundamental for treatment planning due to its electron density information. Repeated CT acquisitions impose radiation exposure and logistical burdens,…

Currently, MRI-only radiotherapy (RT) eliminates some of the concerns about using CT images in RT chains such as the registration of MR images to a separate CT, extra dose delivery, and the additional cost of repeated imaging. However, one…

Medical Physics · Physics 2021-03-03 Faeze Gholamiankhah , Samaneh Mostafapour , Hossein Arabi

Modern biomedical image analysis using deep learning often encounters the challenge of limited annotated data. To overcome this issue, deep generative models can be employed to synthesize realistic biomedical images. In this regard, we…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-23 Yuli Wu , Weidong He , Dennis Eschweiler , Ningxin Dou , Zixin Fan , Shengli Mi , Peter Walter , Johannes Stegmaier
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